72 MALVACEAE. [MAI.Y.V. 



shallow acute. Flowers 1-1 J in. diam., irregularly fascicled, pale purple 

 or blue, pedicels slender. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, Siberia, W. Asia ; 

 . introd. in U. States. 



2. M. rotundifo lia, L. ; pubescent, stems many decumbent, leaves 

 reniform obscurely lobed crenate, peduncles decurved, carpels pubescent 

 smooth edges rounded. 



Waste places from Aberdeen southwards ; rarer in Scotland and Ireland ; 

 fl. June-Sept. Perennial. Stems 6 in.-2 ft. Leaves J-l.J in. broad, often 

 serrate. Flowers >|-1 in. diam., irregularly fascicled, pale lilac or whitish. 

 DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, Siberia, W. Asia to India: introd. in 

 U. States. 



3. M. moscha'ta, L. ; hairy, stem erect, leaves 5-7-partite lobes pin- 

 natifid, peduncles erect in fruit, carpels smooth hispid on the rounded bark. 

 Meadows, &c. in a dry soil ; from an alien ? in Mid. Scotland, Watson ; rare 



in Ireland ; fl. July- Aug. Perennial. Stem. 23 ft., often purple-spotted. 

 Leaves 1-3 in. diam., long-petioled. Flowers 1-2 in. diam., rosy, rarely 

 white. DISTRIB. Europe, eastward to Lithuania ; iutrod. in the U. 

 States. 



3. LAVATE'RA, L. TREE-MALLOW. 



Tall, hirsute or tomentose 'herbs or shrubs. Leaves angled or lobod. 

 Flowers axillary. Calyx 5-fid ; involucel 3-fid. Staminal column long, 

 filaments free at its top only. Ovary many-celled ; styles filiform, as many 

 as the cells, inner surface stigmatose ; ovules 1 in each cell.' Fruit a 

 depressed whorl of indehiscent 1-see'ded carpels, separating from the axis. 

 Seed ascending. DISTRIB. Europe, W. Asia, N. Africa, and 1 Australian : 

 species 18. ETYM. The brothers Lavater, Swiss physicians. 



1. L. arbo'rea, L. ; leaves suborbicular 5-9-lobed plaited crenate. 

 Maritime rocks, England, and Scotland south of Firth of Clyde ; rare in Ire- 

 land ; fl. July-Sept. Biennial, softly pubescent. Stem 3-6 ft., ver\ 

 erect. Leaves long-petioled ; lobes broad, short, upper more entire. 

 Peduncles crowded, axillary, 1-flowered, shorter than the petioles. /<'/.,,-, rt 

 1J in. diam., purple, glossy. Involucel with 3 very large ovate lobes. .S/'/.< 

 deltoid. Carpels wrinkled. DISTRIB. Coasts of France, and eastwards to 

 Greece. 



ORDER XVIII. TILIACE^E. 



Trees or shrubs, rarely herbs. Leaves alternate, entire or toothed, stipu- 

 late. Flowers cymose ; cymes usually corymbose or panicled. &/</* ~>, 

 free or connate below, valvate in bud. Petals 5 or fewer or 0, aestivation 

 various. Stamens many, inserted on the disk, filaments filiform free or 

 uniti'd in bundles ; anthers 2-celled, opening by pores or valves, 

 tumid. Ovary free, 2-10-celled ; styles entire or divided, or stigma sessile ; 

 ovules 1 or more, in the inner angle of the cells, anatropous, usually 

 pendulous with the raphe ventral. Fruit 1-12-celled, dry or baccate, 

 indfhiscent or loculicidal. Seeds various, albumen fleshy; embryo straight 

 with foliaceous cotyledons. DISTRIB. Chiefly tropical; genera 40 ; species 

 330. AFFINITIES with Stcrculiaccce and Malvacece. PROPERTIES usually 

 mucilaginous, liber of many species yields fibre. 



