106 ROSACEsE. [PRrxrs. 



or many drupes, achenes or follicles, rarely a berry or capsule, 

 ascending or pendulous, testa coriaceous or membranous, albumen scanty or 

 ; cotyledons plano-convex, radicle short. DISTRIB. Ubiquitous ; gcn.Tii 

 71; species 1,000. AFFINITIES with Leguminosae and Saxifrmji. 

 PROPERTIES astringent in Potentillece and Roseoc. Hydrocyanic and 

 malic acids are secreted in Prunece and Pomece. 



SERIES 1. Ripe carpels not enclosed within the calyx-tube. 

 TRIBE!. PRUNED. Calyx deciduous. Carpel I ; ovules 2, pendulous. Fruk 



a drupe 1. Prunus. 



TRIBE II. SPIRE JE. Calyx persistent, ebracteolate. Carpels 5 or more ; 



ovules 2 or more in each carpel, pendulous. Fruit afollicle 2. Spin .1. 



TRIBE III. RUBE/E. Calyx persistent, ebracteolate. Carpels many ; ovules 



2 in each carpel, pendulous. Fruit of many small drupes 3. Rulius. 



TRIBE IV. POTENTIL LE^:. Calyx persistent, bracteolate. Carpels 4 or 



more ; ovule 1 in each carpel, ascending. Fruit of 4 or more achenes. 



* Style elongating after flowering. 



Leaves simple. Scape 1-flowered. Styles of achenes feathery 4. Dryas. 



Leaves pinnate. Scape several-flowered 5. Geum. 



** Style not elongating after flowering. 



Leaves 3-foliolate. Achenes on a fleshy receptacle 6. Fragaria. 



Leaves 3-many-foliolate. Achenes on a dry receptacle 7. Potentilla. 



SERIES 2. Ripe carpels enclosed irithin t/ie calyx-tube. 



TRIBE V. POTERIE .ffi. Petals 4, 5, or 0. Carpels 1-3 ; ovules 1 in each 

 carpel, erect or pendulous. Fruit of 1-3 achenes enclosed in the small 

 dry calyx-tube. 



Calyx 4-5-lobed, with 4-5 adnate bracts. Petals 8. Alchemilla. 



Calyx 5-lobed. Petals 5. Stamens 12-20 9. Agrimonia. 



Calyx of 4 petaloid lobes. Petals 0. Stamens 4-30 10. Poterium. 



TRIBE VI. ROSE /E. Petals 4-5. Carpels many ; ovules 1 in each carpel, 

 pendulous. Fruit of many achenes enclosed in the fleshy calyx-tube. 



11. Rosa. 

 TRIBK VII. POME'JE. Petals 5. Carpels 1-5 ; ovules 2 collateral in each 



carpel, pendulous. Fruit fleshy, 1- 2- or 5-celled. 

 Fruit 2-5-celled, cells ' 



alls with cartilaginous walls 12. Pyrus. 



Fruit a drupe with 1-5 included stones 13. Cratsegus. 



Fruit a drupe with 3-5 bony ^-exserted stones 14. Cotoneaster. 



1. PRU'NUS, L. PLUM AND CHERRY. 



Shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, simple, glandular -serrulate ; petiole 

 2 -glandular. Flowers white or red, solitary corymbose or racemed. 

 Calyx deciduous ; lobes 5, imbricate. Petals 5. Stamens 15-20, perigy- 

 nous, filaments free. Carpel 1 ; style terminal ; ovules 2, collateral, 

 pendulous. Drupe with an indehiscent or 2-valved, 1-seeded, smooth, 

 or rugged stone. Seed pendulous, testa membranous, albumen scutty 

 or 0. DISTRIB. N. temp, regions, rare in the tropics ; species 80. 

 ETYM. The old Latin name. 



SECTION 1. Pru'nua proper. Leaves convolute in bud. Flmccrs solitary 

 or fascicled, appearing with the leaves or before them. Drupe glaucous. 



1. P. comma nis, Huds. ; leaves ovate or oblong-lanceolate pubescent 



