POTENTILLA.] ROSACES. 117 



peduncles ; bracteoles often serrate. DISTRIB. Temp, and Arctic regions of 

 the N. and S. hemispheres. Eootstock eaten in times of scarcity in the 

 Hebrides. 



9. P. Fragarias'tmm, Ehr. ; leaves 3-foliolate, leaflets obovate, flowers 

 white, achenes pilose below reticulate. Frngaria sterilis, L. 



Waysides, woods and banks ; ascending to 2,100 ft. in Wales ; fl. March-May. 

 Similar to Fragaria vesca, but has no runners, nerves of leaflets not sunk 

 above, and fruit very different. More or less pilose or silky. Rootstock 

 stout, woody, branched, depressed. Leaves 2-6 in., tufted ; petioles with 

 spreading hairs ; leaflets ^-1 in. coarsely crenate towards the tip ; very hairy 

 beneath. Flomriny stems or scapes 1-6 in., axillary, slender, naked or 

 1-2-leaved, 1-3-flowered. Flowers % in. diam. Receptacle with very long 

 hairs (as in P. fruticosa). DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa. 



** Flowering stems annual, from the top of the branches of the rootstock. 

 Receptacle hairy. 



10. P. rupes'tris, L. ; leaves pinnate, radical 5- cauline 3-foliolate, 

 flowers white. 



Limestone rocks, Craig Breidden, Montgomery ; fl. May- June. Hairy, 

 especially below. Rootstock woody, branched. Stems 1-2 ft., erect, branched 

 above. Radical leaves 3-6 in.," petioles very slender; leaflets f-1 in., 

 unequal at the base, oblong or obliquely obovate, irregularly crenate, 

 cauline few, subsessile. Flowers few, ^-1 in. diam. Achenes smooth, gla- 

 brous. DISTRIB. Europe, from Gothland southwards (excl. Greece), Siberia, 

 Dahuria, N.W. India. 



11. P. argen'tea, L. ; leaves digitately 5-foliolate, leaflets cuneate 

 much cut white beneath, flowers yellow. 



Dry pastures and roadsides ; England and E. Scotland, from Moray south- 

 wards, local ; absent from Ireland ; fl. June- July. More or less covered, 

 especially the leaves beneath, with white appressed wool. Rootstock short, 

 woody. Stems 6-18 in., slender, suberect or decumbent, branched, leafy ; 

 branches divaricating. Leaves petioled, uppermost sessile ; leaflets ^-1^ in., 

 narrowly cuneate, ^-pinnatifid upwards, margins recurved. Flowers |-^ in. 

 diarn., subcorymbose. A c/ienes smooth, glabrous. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), 

 Siberia, E. N. America. 



8. ALCHEMILLA, L. LADY'S MANTLE. 



Annual or perennial herbs. Leaves orbicular, lobed or deeply divided ; 

 stipules adnate to the petiole. Flowers minute, in lax or crowded corym- 

 bose cymes. Calyx urceolate, persistent, 4-5-bracteolate ; lobes 4-5, 

 valvate in bud. Petals 0. Stamens 1-4, inserted on the mouth of the 

 calyx. Disk coating the calyx-tube, and all but closing its mouth by 

 its thickened margin. Carpels 1-5, basal in the calyx-tube ; styles 

 basal or ventral ; ovule 1, basal. Achenes 1-4, enclosed in the mem- 

 branous calyx-tube. DISTKIB. Natives chiefly of the American Andes ; a 

 few are European, N. Indian, and American ; species 30. ETYM. Arabic. 



SECTION 1. Apfcanes, L. (gen.). Annual. Cymes leaf-opposed, dense. 

 Bracteoles minute or 0. Antheriferous stamens 12. 



1. A. arvensis, LamJc.; leaves cuneate or fan-shaped 3-lobed, lobes 

 cut. Aphaiics, L. 



