120 ROSACES. [l!nsA. 



11. ROSA, L. ROSE. 



Erect, sarmentose or climbing shrubs, usually prickly. Leaves pinnate ; 

 leaflets serrate ; stipules adnate to the petiole. Flowers terminal, solitary 

 or corymbose, white yellow or red, rarely bracteate. Calyx-tube persistent, 

 globose ovoid or pitcher-shaped ; mouth contracted ; lobes leafy, imbricate 

 in bud. Petals 5. Stamens many, inserted on the disk. Disk coating the 

 calyx-tube, all but closing its mouth by its thickened margin, silky. 

 Carpels many, rarely few, in the bottom of the calyx-tube ; styles subtt-r- 

 minal, free or connate above, stigma thickened ; ovule 1, pendulous. 

 A chenes coriaceous or bony, enclosed in the fleshy calyx-tube. Disiuin. 

 N. temp, regions, rare in America ; extending into Abyssinia, India, and 

 Mexico ; species about SO. ETYM. The old Latin name'. 

 The following account of the British roses is condensed from Mr. Baker's 

 valuable monograph (Linn. Journ. xi. 197), and has been kindly revised 

 by himself ; with this difference, Baker's species are here reduced to sub- 

 species. As with the fruticose Riibi group, so with this genus, all the 

 so-called species are connected by intermediates ; but whereas, in the fmti- 

 cose Rtibi, the 4 or 5 most distinct British forms are connected by so many 

 links that various excellent botanists regard them as forms of one species ; 

 in Rosa, on the contrary, the five most distinct British forms are connected 

 by so few (comparatively) intermediates, that no good botanists have 

 reduced them to one species. 



1. R. spinosis sima, L. ; small, erect, bushy r prickles crowded very 

 unequal nearly straight passing into stiff' bristles and glandular hairs, 

 leaves not or slightly glandular, sepals more or less persistent, fruit short. 

 disk small or 0. Scotch Rose. 



Open places ; fL May-June. Shrub 1-4 ft., much branched. Leaves small ; 

 leaflets 7-9, singly or doubly serrate, usually broad. Fbn'rx 1-1-i in. diam., 

 often only 1-2, rarely 3 or more, white or pink ; calyx-tube usually gla- 

 brous. Styles free. 



Suh-sp. FIMPINELLIFO'LIA, L. (sp.) ; leaflets 7-9 glabrous simply serrate, flowers 

 always solitary, sepals glabrous simple, fruit subglobose dark purple, disk <>. 

 Dry places, especially sandy sea-shores ; ascends to 1,700 ft. in Scotland. 

 urnet Rose. DiSTmB. Europe (Arctic), N. Africa, Siberia to N. China, 

 W. Asia to the Himalaya. 



Sub-sp. INVOLC'TA, Smith (sp.); leaflets glabrous or pubescent beneath usually 

 doubly -serrate, flowers 1-3, sepals densely glandular on the back more or 

 less pinnate, fruit erect subglobose red. Banks and hedges. DISTHIK. 

 Belgium, Switzerland (near Geneva only). VAR. 1, Sab' i id, Woods (sp. ); 

 prickles ^ in. straight, leaflets with copious compound serratures thinly 

 pubescent above, petioles and peduncles den-<ely hairy glandular and bristly, 

 calyx-tube subglobose more or less setose, sepals pinnate, fruit subglobose. 

 R. ffracilis, Woods ; R. nivalis, Don ; R. coroitata, Crep. The most common 

 form. VAR. 2, JJon'iana, Woods (sp.); small, leaflets more densely hairy, 

 flowers solitary, sepals hardly pinnate, calyx-tube and fruit deii.-i !y 

 prickly. Dry places. Approaches R. mollissima. VAR. 3, graciltut'cens, 

 Baker; robust, leaflets thinly hairy on both surfaces, eglandular beneath, 

 much toothed, terminal l-l| in., flowers 3-8, calyx-tube glabrous ellipsoid. 

 Antrim. VAR. 4, Roberteo'ni, Baker ; sepals of Sabini, but teeth of 

 leaflets sharper and less compound, upper surface glabrous when mature, 



