SMYRXIUM.] UMBELLIFERsE. 155 



DISTRIB. Europe, "W. Asia, N. Africa ; species 6 or 7. ETYM. The old 

 Greek name. Ridges variable iu prominence and number ; outer coat of 

 the pericarp often loose, with the vittse adhering to the inner. 



1. S. Olusa'trum, L. ; cauline leaves petioled 3-foliolate serrate. 

 Waste places, especially near the sea and amongst ruins, from Stirling south- 

 wards, rare ; frequent in Ireland ; a denizen on the coast, an alien inland, 

 Watson; fl. April-June. Shining. Root stout, biennial. Stem 1-3 ft., 

 solid, furrowed, panicled, branches often opposite. Petioles large, sheath- 

 ing, margins hairy. Leaflets 1J-2 in., broadly obovate or ovate, obtusely 

 serrate or lobed. Umbels lateral and terminal, subglobose ; rays few or 

 many, long or short. Fruit ^in., dark brown. DISTRIB. Europe from 

 Holland southwards, N. Africa, W. Asia. Formerly cultivated as a pot-herb. 



7. BUPLEU'RUM, L. HARE's-EAR. 



Annual or perennial, glabrous herbs or shrubs. Leaves simple, quite 

 entire. Umbels compound, many-rayed, or irregular and few-rayed ; bracts 

 and bracteoles many and leafy, or few and small, or ; flowers yellow, 

 sessile or pedicelled. Calyx-teeth 0. Petals hooded, with an inflexed 

 point. Disk-lobes tumid or dilated. Fruit laterally compressed ; com- 

 missure broad, carpophore 2-fid ; carpels 5-angled, primary ridges promi- 

 nent or winged or ; vittse or 1 or more in the interstices, continuous 

 or interrupted ; styles short, reflexed. Seed subterete, flat concave or 

 deeply grooved in front. DISTRIB. Europe, temp. Asia, N. and S. Africa, 

 N.W. America. ETYM. obscure. 



1. B. rotundif oiium, L. ; annual, stem fistular, leaves perfoliate. 

 Chalky fields, rare, E. and S. counties, from Durham to Somerset ; fl. June- 

 July. Glaucous. Stem 8-18 in., simple or branched above, terete. Leaves 

 1-2^ in., lower oblong, upper suborbicular, apiculate; nerves radiating. 

 Bracts ; bracteoles 3-5, ovate, leafy, longer than the many short rays, 

 connate at the base, suberect hi fruit. Fruit broad, in. ; vittse ; ridges 

 slender. DISTRIB. Europe, W. Asia ; introd. in N. America. 



2. B. falca'tum, L. ; perennial, stem erect slender fistular, leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, nerves many parallel, upper broader J-amplexicaul. 

 Hedgerows and fields, between Ongar and Chelmsford ; a doubtful native ; fl. 



Aug. Rootstock branched. Stems 1^-4 ft., simple or branched above. Radical 

 leaves 1-3 in., acute ; petiole ^-amplexicaul ; cauline recurved. Umbels very 

 small ; bracts 2-5, short, unequal ; bracteoles 4-5, oblong, aristate. Flowers 

 minute. Fruit | in., narrow ; ridges prominent ; vittse in threes. DISTRIB. 

 Europe from Belgium southwards, W. Asia to India and Japan. 



3. B. tennis's imum, L. ; annual, stem solid, leaves linear-lanceolate 

 acuminate 3-nerverl, bracts subulate. 



Waste places and salt marshes, from Cheshire and Lancashire southwards and 

 westwards to Dorset ; fl. Aug.-Sept. Stem 6-18 in., erect or procumbent, 

 flexuous, ribbed.. Leaves ^-1 in., rigid, lowest slightly dilated upwards. 

 Umbels axillary, very small, racemed or subspicate along the branches ; 

 bracts 3-5, unequal ; bracteoles similar. Fruit broad, minute, granulate ; 

 ridges prominent ; vittse 0. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia. 



4. B. arista'tum, Bartl. ; annual, stem short solid, leaves ensiform 

 pungent 3-5-ucrved, bracts oblong aristate. B. Odontites, Sm. not of L. 



