UMBELLIFERJE. 167 



styles very short. >SeerZ concave in front. DISTRIB. "W. Europe, from 

 Belgium to Austria and Italy. ETYM. Perhaps the Greek ^tov. 



1. M. athamant icum, Jacq. ; stem snbsimple, leaves oblong. 

 Alpine pastures, from Wales and Yorkshire northwards to Moray ; ascending 

 to near 1,400ft. in the Highlands; absent from Ireland; fl. June-July.,- 

 Rootstock elongate, crowned with fibres. Stem 6-18 in. Leaf-teffmenit 

 multifid, spreading in all directions ; petiole as long as the blade. Umlelt 

 many- rayed ; bracts few ; bracteoles membranous, subunilateral ; some 

 flowers often male only. Fruit brown, ^ in. Rootstock eaten in Scotland. 



28. LIGUS'TICUM, L. LovAGE. 



Perennial, glabrous herbs. Leaves 1-3-ternately-pinnate. Umbels com- 

 pound, many-rayed ; bracts many, few, or ; bracteoles many ; flowers 

 white pink or yellow. Calyx-lobes small or 0. Petals notched, point 

 long inflexed. Disk-lobes conical, thick. Fruit ovoid or oblong, sub- 

 terete or dorsally compressed, commissure broad, carpophore 2-partite ; 

 primary ridges prominent, acute or winged, lateral often broadest ; vittae 

 many, slender, or obscure. Seed flat, or slightly concave in front. 

 DISTIMB. N. temperate regions ; species 20. ETYM. Liguria, where a 

 species abounds. 



1. L. scot'icum, L. ; leaves 2-ternately pinnate. Halosdas, Fries. 

 Rocky coasts, local, Northumberland and all Scotland ; N. of Ireland, very 

 rare ; fl. July. Dark green, shining. Rootstock stout, branched. Stem 

 1-3 ft., erect, sparingly branched, grooved, terete, fistular. Leufltts 1-3 in., 

 ovate- or orbicular-cordate, 3-lobed or -partite, crenate. Umbel-rai/s 8-12, 

 1-2 in. ; bracts few, and bracteoles linear-subulate ; flowers white or pink, 

 nearly regular. Fruit ^ in., brown ; ridges winged ; styles short recurved. 

 DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), from Denmark northwards, N. Asia, E. and 

 W. N. America. Leaves eaten as a pot-herb, root aromatic and pungent. 



29. ANGEL ICA, L. ANGELICA. 



Tall perennial herbs. Leaves ternately 2-piunate, segments large. Um- 

 bels compound, many-rayed ; bracts few or ; bracteoles usually many, 

 small ; flowers white or purplish. Calyx-teeth small or 0. Petals with a 

 short inflexed point. Disk-lobes depressed. Fruit ovoid, dorsally compressed, 

 commissure broad, carpophore 2-partite ; carpels broad, flat, lateral primary 

 ridges with flat contiguous membranous wings, dorsal and intermediate 

 elevated ; vittse 1-2 in the interstices. Seed dorsally compressed, flat or 

 slightly concave in front. DISTRIB. Temp, and sub- Arctic N. regions ; 

 species 18. ETYM. Angelicus, from its properties. 



1. A. sylves'tris, L. ; leaflets petioled obliquely ovate serrate. 

 Damp copses and banks of streams ; ascending to 2,700 ft. in the Highlands ; 

 fl. July- Aug. Glabrous, except the inflorescence. Stem 1-5 ft., stout, 

 fistular, striate, green or purple. Leaves 1-2 ft., deltoid ; leaflets 1-2 in. 

 Umbels large, pubescent ; rays very many, 1-3 in. ; bracts 0, or 1-2, deciduous ; 

 bracteoles few, subulate, persistent; flowers white, nearly regular. /',"/* 

 &-i in.; styles slender, reflexed. DiSTMB. Europe (Arctic), Siberia to Dahu- 

 ria, W. Asia. Aromatic, leaf bitter. 



