168 UMB&LLIFER& [PEUCEDAXUM. 



3O. PEUCED'ANUM, L. HOO'S-FF.NNEL. 



Perennial, i-arely annual. Leaves pinna tely or 3-nately compound. 

 Umbels compound, many-rayed ; bracts many, Tew, or ; bructeoles many 

 or ; flowers white, yellow, or pink, often polygamous. Calyx-teeth or 

 small. Petals with an inflexed, often 2-fid point Disk-lobes small ; 

 margin often expanded, undulate. Fruit ovoid, oblong or suborbicular, 

 much dorsally compressed, commissure very broad ; carpels flattish, 

 lateral primary ridges of each forming flat contiguous wings, dorsal and 

 intermediate filiform ; vittse 1-3 in each interstice. Seed nearly flat. 

 DISTRIB. Trop. and temp, regions ; species 100. ETYM. obscure. 



SECTION 1. Peuced'anum proper. Perennial. Bracts few or many, 

 bracteoles many. Calyx 5-toothed. Fruit with narrow wings. 



1. P. officinaie, L. ; leaves 3-ternately pinnate, segments long and 

 narrow, bracts few deciduous, flowers yellow. Sulphur-wort. 



Salt marshes, very rare, Faversham, Whitstable, and Walton ; fl. July-Sept. 

 Glabrous. Stem 2-3 ft., terete, solid, furrowed. Leaves oblong, segments 

 1-4 in., flaccid. Umbels on spreading subopposite branches ; rays many, 

 2-4 in., spreading; bracteoles short, filiform; flowers minute, central im- 

 perfect, pedicels slender. Fruit |in.; wings narrow ; styles stout, recurved. 

 DISTRIB. Europe from Belgium southwards, N. Africa, Siberia. Root 

 yields a stimulant resin ; odour of sulphur. 



2. P. palustre, Mcench.; leaves 3-pinnate, leaflets pinnatifkl, seg- 

 ments narrow, bracts many persistent, flowers white. Milk Parsley. 

 Marshes, local, from York and Lincoln to Essex and Somerset ; fl. July- Aug. 



Glabrous ; juice milky. Stem 3-5,'ft., terete, fistular, grooved. Let'' 

 deltoid ; leaflets petioled, lanceolate. Umbels 1-2 in. ; rays many, stout, 

 scabrid ; bracts deflexed ; flowers minute. Fruit % in., broadly oblong ; 

 wings narrow, thick ; styles very short. DISTRIB. Europe, excl. Greece and 

 Turkey, Siberia. Root abounds in a yellow foetid gum-resin. 



SECTION 2. Imperator'ia, L. (gen.). Perennial, tracts ; bracteoles 

 many. Calyx-teeth 0. Fruit with broad wings. 



P. OSTRU'THIUM, Koch; leaves 1-2-ternate, leaflets ovate or suborbicular 

 inciso-serrate, base unequal, flowers white. Master-wort. 

 Moist meadows, rare, N. of England and Scotland, naturalized only; fl. 



July- Aug. Glabrous. Stem 2-3 ft., stout, terete, fistular, furrowed. 



Leaves deltoid ; leaflets few, 1-4 in., large, often confluent ; petiole very 



long. Umbels large, many-rayed. Fruit J in. ; wings very broad ; styles 



short. DISTRIB. Mid. Europe. Formerly cultivated as a pot-herb and 



medicine. 



SECTION 3. Pastina'ca, L. (gen.). Bracts and bracteoles 0. Calyx- 

 teeth 0. Fruit with rather narrow wings. 



3. P. sati'vtim, Benth.; leaves pinnate, leaflets sessile ovate inciso- 

 serrate, flowers bright yellow. Wild Parsnip. 



Roadsides and waste places, from Durham and Lancaster southwards ; a garden 

 escape in Scotland ; a doubtful native of Ireland ; fl. July-Aug. Annual or 

 biennial, pubescent. Stem 2-3 ft., stout, angled, furrowed, fistular. Leave* 



