170 UMBELLIFER^E. [DACCOT. 



inner or few anil irregular ; bracts and bracteoles many or 0, entire or cut ; 

 flowers white, outer often rayed. Calyx-teeth slender or 0. Petals notched, 

 with an inflexed point, often unequal. Disk-lobes depressed or conical. 

 Fruit ovoid or oblong, carpophore undivided or 2-fid ; carpels convex. 

 secondary ridges more prominent than the primary, all, or the secondary 

 only, with rows of spines ; vittse solitary under each secondary ridge. 

 Seed flattish in front DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia ; species 20. 

 ETYM. The old Greek name. 



1. D. Carota, L. ; leaves 3-pinnate, leaflets ovate exit. 



Fields and sea-shores ; fl. June- Aug. Hispid. Stem 1-2 ft., branched, solid, 

 furrowed. Leaflets very many, small. Umbels peduncled, rays 1-2 in.; 

 bracts usually pinnatifid, bracteoles lanceolate ; flowers white, central pur- 

 plish. Fruit | in., broadly oblong ; styles short, stout, straight. DISTKIB. 

 Europe, N. Africa, N. Asia, W. Asia to India ; introd. in N. America. 



V.VR. 1, Carol! a proper; erect, branches above spreading, leaf -segments narrow 

 subdistant, umbels concave, spines of the fruit distinct usually hooked at the 

 tip. VAR. 2, aum'mifer, Lunik, (sp.); branches spreading from the base, 

 leaf -segments broader closer, umbels convex, spines of fruit dilated and 

 connate at the base. D. maritime, With. Shores of S. England. 



34. CAUCA'LIS, L. 



Annual, hispid herbs. Leaves 1-3-pinnate. Umbels compound, ter- 

 minal or leaf-opposed, usually of few rays, sometimes capitate ; bracts few 

 or ; bracteoles more numerous ; flowers white or purplish, polygamous, 

 outer often rayed. Calyx-teeth acute or 0. Petals often unequal, the 

 larger notched, point inflexed. Disk-lobes thick, conical. Fruit ovoid or 

 oblong, constricted at the commissure, carpophore undivided or 2-lid ; 

 carpels subterete, ridges with 1 or 2 series of spines ; vittse solitary in e;i<-h 

 secondary ridge. Seed deeply grooved in front. DISTRIB. Europe, N. 

 Africa, temp. Asia ; species 18. ETYM. The old Greek name. 



SECTION 1. Cauca'lis proper. Secondary ridges very prominent, with 



1 row of spreading spines. Bur-Parsley. 



1. C. daucoi'des, L.; leaves 2-3-pinnate, segments oblong pinnatifid. 



Chalky fields on the E. and S. coasts, from York and Durham southwards ; a 

 colonist, Watson; fl. June-July. Stem 6-18 in., erect, hispid at the nodes, 

 angular, grooved, solid ; branches spreading. Leaves 3-4 in. ; segments 

 small. Umbel-rays^ 2-5; bracts few or 0; bracteoles linear; male Honors 

 (outer) white or pink, pedicelled, female subsessile. Fruit - in., oblong ; 

 spines hooked, of the secondary ridges longest ; styles short, stout, erect. - 

 DISTRIB. Europe from Denmark southwards, N. Africa, W. Asia. 



SECTION* 2. Turge'nia, Hoffm. (gen.). Secondary ridges with 2-3 

 rows of spreading spines. 



C. LATIFO'LIA, L. ; leaves pinnate, leaflets few subpinnatifid. 

 Cornfields, very rare, Somerset, Hertford, Cambridge ; a colonist or alien, 



Watson; fl. July. Hispid. Stem 6-18 in., simple, terete, striate, fistular. 



Leaflets narrow-oblong, lobes J^| in. Umbel-rays 2-4, stout ; bracts broadly 



lanceolate, membranous; flowers much as in 6'. daucoides, pink. J-'ruit 



