172 ARALIACEJE. [HEDERA. 



Calyx-limb entire or 5-toothed. Petals and stamens 5. Disk tumid. 



Ovary 5-celled ; styles short, connate, stigmas terminal. Berry subglobose, 



cells with a parchment-like endocarp closely investing the ovoid seed. 



Albumen lobwlate. DISTRIB. Temp, regions of the Old World, Australia ; 



species 2. ETYM. unkngwn. 



1. H. He lix, L. ; shrubby, climbing by adhesive rootlets. 



Rocks, woods, and walls; ascends to 1,350ft. iu Yorkshire; fl. Oct.-Nov. 

 Trunk 4-10 in. diam., trailing and flowerless, or ascending, and flowering at 

 the terminal free branches. Leaves very variable, 1-3 in. broad, cordate, 

 5-lobed, lobes deep or shallow acute or obtuse ; those of flowering branches 

 ovate or lanceolate. Umbels subracemose, subglobose, clothed with stellate 

 hairs ; bracts small, concave ; peduncles ^-1 in. Flowers yellow-green, \ in. 

 diam. ; calyx-teeth deltoid ; petals triangular-ovate, herry black, rarely 

 yellow, globose, in. diam. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia to the 

 Himalaya. The small sylvestral form, with longer leaf-lobes and often pale 

 nerves, never flowers. The so-called Irish Icy, with broad rather fleshy 

 leaves and 8-rayed stellate hairs, is a doubtful native of Ireland. 



VAR. Hodgen'xii, another doubtfully native Irish form, has deeply 5-7-lobed 

 leaves and 12-15-rayed scaly hairs. 



ORDER XXXVII. CORNA'CEJE. 



Shrubs or trees, rarely herbs. leaves opposite or alternate, exstipulate. 

 Flowers small, regular, in terminal or axillary cymes, umbels or heads, 

 sometimes involucrate. Calyx-limb superior or small, open or valvate in 

 bud. Petals 4-5, at the base of the disk, valvate or imbricate in bud. 

 Stamens 4-5, inserted with the petals, free; anthers adnate or versatile, burst- 

 ing in front or laterally. Disk epigynous, annular. Ovary 1-4-celled ; style 

 1, stigma simple or lobed ; ovules solitary in each cell, pendulous, anatrojxnis, 

 raphe dorsal or lateral, integuments confluent with the nucleus. Drupe 

 with a 1-4-celled stone, or 1-4 stones. Seed oblong, testa membranous, 

 albumen copious fleshy ; embryo minute or elongate. DISTRIB. Chiefly N. 

 temp, regions ; genera 12 ; species 75. -AFFINITIES. Close to CaprifoliacecE 

 and Araliacece. PROPERTIES unimportant. 



i. COR'NUS, L. CORNEL, DOGWOOD. 



Herbs, trees, or shrubs. Leaves opposite, rarely alternate. Flowers small, 

 in dichotomous cymes or involucrate umbels or heads, white or yellow. 

 Calyx-teeth 4, minute. Petals 4, valvate in bud. Stamens 4. Disk tumid 

 or obsolete. Ovary 2-celled ; stigma capitate or truncate. Drupe ovoid 

 or oblong, areolate at the top, stone 2-celled. Cotyledons foliaceous. 

 DISTRIB. N. temp, regions, Peru; species 25. ETYM. cornu, from the 

 horny hardness of the wood. 



1. C. sanguin'ea, L. ; shrubby, cymes corymbose ebracteate. Dog- 

 wood, Dogberry, Prickwood. 



Copses and hedges in England, N. and W. of Ireland, rare ; fl. June-July. 

 Pubescent, 6-8 ft., branchlets and leaves red in autumn. Leaves 2-3 in., 

 petioled, ovate, or ovate-oblong, acute ; lateral nerves subbasal. t'ymet 

 terminal, peduncled, subglobose, dense-flowered. F loiters ^ in. diam., 

 cream-white. Berry small, black. DISTRIB. Europe, Siberia, W. Asia. 



