ACHILLEA.] COMPOSITE. 201 



2. A. Millefo lium, L. ; leaves 3-piunatifid. Yarrow, Milfoil. 

 Pastures, ascending to near 4,000ft. in the Highlands; fl. May-Sept. 

 Glabrous, pubescent or woolly, liuotstack^ extensively creeping, stoloniferous. 

 Stem %-lb in., erect, furrowed, usually simple, leafy. Leaves 2-6 in., linear- 

 oblong, radical petioled ; leaflets and linear-acute segments very close- 

 placed. Heads many, J in. diam., corymbose, ovoid ; peduncles short, 

 stout, ebracteate ; invol. bracts oblong, obtuse, rigid, brown-edged. Ray- 

 flowers many, white pink or purple ; hgule orbicular, shorter than the in- 

 volucre, reflexed ; disk white or yellowish. Fruit glabrous, shining. 

 DISTKIB. Europe (Arctic), temp, and cold N. Asia, Himalaya, N. America. 

 A reputed astringent. 



2O. DIO'TIS, Desf. COTTON-WEED. 



An erect, branched, perennial herb, everywhere densely clothed with 

 felted white, grey, or buff wool. Leaves alternate, oblong. Heads sub- 

 globose, discoid, yellow ; involucre campanulate, bracts oblong ; receptacle 

 liattish, bracteolate. Flowers all tubular and 2-sexual, much compressed, 

 5 -toothed, corky, with 2 wings produced downwards over the ovary as per- 

 sistent spurs; anther-cells not tailed. Fruit angular, crowned by the corolla- 

 base ; pappus 0. ETYM. Sis and ofis, from the ear-like corolla-lobes. 

 1. D. marit ima, Cass. ; stems very many, leaves sessile obtuse. 

 Sandy shores, Landguard Fort, Suffolk ; Kerry and Waterford ; St. Ouen's 

 Bay, Jersey ; formerly in other localities on the E v and S. coast of England ; 

 fl. Aug.-Sept. Rootsiock creeping, woody. Stems 6-12 in., stout, ascending, 

 branched at the top. Leaves ^ in., entire or toothed. Heads ^ in. diam., 

 in small dense terminal corymbs ; bracteoles of receptacle oblong, acuminate, 

 with woolly tips. Fruit curved, smooth, glabrous, 5-ribbed. DlSTRlB. 

 Shores of Europe from France southwards and eastwards, N. Africa. 



21. MATRICARIA, L. 



Annual, rarely perennial, branched herbs. Leaves alternate, much divided ; 

 lobes narrow. Heads yellow, ray white or ; invol. bracts in few series, 

 nearly equal ; receptacle broad, flat or conical, elongate after flowering, 

 ebracteolate. Ray-flowers, if present, 1-seriate, ligulate, female. Disk- 

 flowers tubular, 2-sexual, 4-5-toothed ; anther-cells not tailed. Fruit 

 ribbed or angled, not winged ; epigynous disk large ; pappus 0. DISTKIB. 

 Europe, N. and S. Africa, W. Asia ; species about 70. ETYM. From its 

 former use in uterine affections. 



SUB-GEN. 1. Matrica'ria proper. Receptacle very convex or conical. 

 1. M. Chamomilla, L.; aromatic, leaves 2-pinnatifid, segments very 



narrow, invol. bracts without dark edges, fruit 5-ribbed on the inner face. 



IVild Ohamomile. 



Fields, &c., from Cornwall to Kent, sporadic north of it, and in Scotland and 

 Ireland; a colonist, Watson; fl. June-Aug. Habit and appearance of 

 glabrous forms of Aitthemis arvensis and of the following, with the scent, &c. 

 of A. iiobilis, but fainter. Stem much branched. Meads - in. diam., 

 corymbose, ligules reflexed after flowering or ; receptacle elongating 

 during fruiting. Fruit small, grey ; ribs slender, white ; disk oblique. 

 DISTKIB. Europe, Siberia, W. Asia to N. W. India. A tonic. 



