202 COMPOSITE. [MATRICARIA. 



SUB-GEN. 2. Pyre'thrum, Qcertn. (gen.). Receptacle almost flat. 



2. M. inodora, L. ; inodorous, leaves 2-pinnatifid, segments very 



narrow, invol. bracts edged with brown, fruit with 3 thick ribs on the 



inner face and 2 pits on the outer above. 



Fields, &c., ascending to 1,200 ft. in the Highlands ; fl. June-Oct. Glabrous, 

 very similar to M '. Ckamomilla, but not aromatic, leaf-segments usually 

 large and more slender ; heads larger, 2 in. diam. ; ligules narrower, not 

 reflexed till long after flowering ; receptacle much less conical. Disk of 

 fruit entire or 4- toothed. DJSTRIB. Europe (Arctic), Siberia, W. Asia. 



VAR. 1, inodo'ra proper ; annual or biennial, stem erect, barren shoots 0, leaf- 

 lobes slender. VAR. 2, marifima, (sp.); more succulent, perennial, stem 

 ascending, barren shoots 0, heads fewer, receptacle narrower, spaces between 

 the ribs of the fruit narrower. Maritime localities. 



M. PARTHE'NIUM, L. ; leaves pinnate, segments broad lobulate and cut, 

 fruit equally ribbed all round. Pyrethrum, Sm. Fever-few. 

 Hedgebanks. &c., rare in Scotland, usually a garden escape ; a denizen, 



Wateon; fl. July-Sept. Perennial, pubescent and branched above, 1-2 ft. 



Heads many, ^-| in. diam.; invol. bracts ribbed, border scarious. /.'<< j,t</c/e 



hemispheric. Ligules short, broad. Disk of fruit cup-shaped, membranous. 



DISTRIB. Mid. and S. Europe, introduced elsewhere. Tonic and bitter. 



22. CIIRYSAN THEMUM, /.. 



Herbs or shrubs. Leaves alternate or radical, toothed or cut. Heads 

 solitary or corymbose, yellow, or the ray white ; involucre campanukte ; 

 bracts imbricate, margins scarious ; receptacle flat or convex, naked. 

 Ray-flowers 1-seriate, ligulate, female. Disk-flowers tubular, 2-sc\n;il, 

 terete or compressed, 4-5-toothed ; anther-cells simple. Fruit of the ray- 

 flowers ribbed or winged, of the disk -flowers compressed ; pappus 0. 

 DISTUIB. Europe, W. Asia, N. Africa; species about 12. ETYM. xpvffds 

 and avBefnov, from the golden flowers. 



1. C. secetum, L. ; ray-flowers golden yellow, invol. bracts very 

 broad with broad scarious margins. Corn Marigold. 



Cultivated fields ; a colonist, Watson; fl. June-Sept. Annual, glabrous, 

 glaucous. Stem 1-lj ft., erect, sparingly branchecf. Ltacts petioled, ob- 

 ovate, toothed and lobed, lower pinnatifid, upper oblong ^-amplexkMiil. 

 Heads 2 in. diam. ; peduncles stout, thickened upwards. J.ir/n/,* with 

 retuse or lobed tips. Fruit of the rays ribbed and narrowly 2-winged, of 

 the disk not winged. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia. 



2. C. Leucan'themum, L. ; ray-flowers white, invol. bracts naiioxv 

 with dark purple margins. Ox-eye Daisy. 



Meadows and waste places, ascending to 2,100ft. in Wales ; fl. June- Aug. 

 Perennial, glabrous or slightly hairy. Intern 1-2 ft., erect, simple or branched. 

 Leaves obtusely cut or subpinnatifid ; lower spathulate, petioled; upj or 

 oblong or lyrate with pinnatifid ^-amplexicaul bases. llHulx 2 in. diam. ; 

 peduncles slender. Ligules notched at the tip. Fruits all terete, equally 

 ribbed, of the ray with a small crown. DlSTKiB. Europe (Arctic), Siberia, 

 W. Asia ; introd. in N. America. 



