TAXACETUM.] COMPOSITE. 203 



23. TANACE'TUM, L. TANSY. 



Herbs, often shrubby below, strong-scented. Leaves alternate, usiially 

 much, divided. Heads solitary or corymbose, subglobose, discoid, yellow ; 

 invol. bracts scarious at the edges ; receptacle convex, naked. Chiter 

 flowers 1 -seriate, female, tubular, 3-4-toothed. Disk-flowers tubular, male, 

 4-5-toothed ; anther-cells not tailed. Fruit angled, with a large disk ; 

 pappus 0, or an irregular membrane. DISTRIB. Europe, N. and S. Africa, 

 all temp, and cold Asia, N. America ; species about 50. ETYM. doubtful. 



1. T. vulga're, L.; leaves 1-2-pinnatifid, segments inciso-serrate. 

 Waste places in England, often naturalized ; not wild in Ireland ; and 

 doubtfully in Scotland ; fl. Aug.-Sept. Perennial, glabrous or pubescent. 

 Stem 2-3 ft., grooved and angled, leafy. Leaves 2-5 in., oblong, glandular- 

 dotted, upper ^-amplexicaul, lower petioled. Heads many, -^ in. diam., 

 corymbose, dull yellow ; peduncles stout, ebracteate ; invol. bracts coriaceous, 

 appressed, outer acute shorter, inner obtuse with narrow scarious edges. 

 Outer flowers exceeding the involucre, rarely 0, obliquely truncate. Fruit 

 obovoid, 5-ribbed, disk membranous lobed. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), 

 Siberia,. N.W. America; introd. in the U. States. Bitter, tonic, vermifuge 

 and febrifuge. 



24. ARTEMIS'IA, L. WORMWOOD. 



Herbs, often shrubby below, bitter or aromatic. Leaves alternate, often 

 much cut. Heads small, racemed or panicled, discoid, yellow or purplish ; 

 invol. bracts with scarious margins ; receptacle very narrow, flat or convex, 

 naked pilose or fimbriate. Flowers few, all tubular ; outer female with 

 3-toothed corollas ; the rest male or 2-sexual with 5-toothed corollas ; 

 anther-cells not tailed. Fruit obovoid, disk minute; pappus 0. DISTRIB. 

 N. temp, zone ; species about 180. ETYM. The Greek Diana. 



1. A. campes tris, L. ; leaves nearly glabrous, segments very slender, 

 heads drooping glabrous, outer flowers only fertile. 



Sandy heaths, Brandon, Thetford, and Bury ; fl. Aug.-Sept. Perennial, not 

 aromatic. Stem and branches ascending, very slender, grooved. Leaves 

 1-2-pinnatifid, young silky ; segments very few, ^-^ in., acute, margins 

 recurved ; floral linear, entire. Heads very many, in., yellow, in long 

 slender racemes, subsessile, ovoid ; receptacle glabrous. Ray-corollas dilated 

 below. DISTRIB. Europe, temp. Asia. 



2. A. vulga'ris, L. ; leaves broad white woolly beneath, segments 

 broad acuminate, heads erect woolly, flowers all fertile. Mugwort. 

 Hedgebanks, &c., ascending to 1,200ft. in Northumberland ; fl. July-Sept. 



Perennial, aromatic. Stem 2-4 ft., erect, reddish, angled, grooved, branched. 

 Leaves 2-3 in., 1-2 in. broad, glabrous above, margins recurved ; petiole 

 with pinnatind auricles. Heads in crowded, panicled, short, erect, woolly 

 spikes, ovoid, reddish-yellow ; receptacle glabrous. Ray-flowers with slender 

 cylindric corollas. DiSTKlB. Europe (Arctic), N. Africa, Siberia, W. Asia to 

 the Himalaya. Formerly used to flavour drinks. 



3. A. Absin'thium, L. ; leaves silky on both surfaces, segments oblong 

 obtuse, heads drooping silky, outer flowers fertile. Wormwood. 



Waste places, local, from Forfar southwards ; ascends (cultivated) to 2,200 ft. in 

 Northumberland ; rare in N. and W. of Scotland ; doubtfully native in Ireland ; 



