206 COMPOSITE. [Fn,\r.o. 



27. FXIiA'GO. 



Slender annual cottony herbs. Leaves alternate, qitite entire. Hauls 

 in axillary and terminal clusters ; invol. bracts imbricate, often opposite 

 in series, scarious, acuminate, woolly ; receptacle elongate, slender, with 

 bracteoles under the outer flowers. Outer flowers in 1 or more series, female, 

 outermost usually concealed in the concave inner invol. bracts ; corolla 

 very slender ; style-arms slender. Disk-flowers numerous, 2-sexual or male ; 

 corolla-limb dilated, 4-5 -toothed ; anther-cells tailed ; style-arms short. 

 Fruit terete, papillose ; pappus-hairs of the central florets very slender, 

 in 1- or more series, of the marginal often 0. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, 

 W. Asia ; species 8-10. ETYM. fllum, from the cottony hairs. 



1. F. german'ica, L. ; leaves linear-oblong acute waved, heads 20 or 

 more in terminal spherical clusters, invol. bracts in many opposite series 

 not spreading acuminate and mucronate. 



Dry pastures and banks, from Ross and Cantire southwards ; rare in Scotland ; 

 common in Ireland ; fl. July- Aug. Stem 6-18 in., stiff, erect or ascending, 

 dichotomously branched, flower-heads in the forks ; branches ascending, 

 leafy. Leaves J-l in. Heads ^ in. broad ; invol. bracts glistening, subulate- 

 lanceolate, longer than the flowers, pale reddish-brown ; female flowers in 

 several series. Fruit compressed, papillose. DISTRIB. Europe from Goth- 

 land southwards, Siberia, W. Asia to India ; introd. in N. America. 



VAR. 1, canes'cens, Jord. (sp.); heads obscurely 5-angled leafless, invol. 

 bracts folded longitudinally, tips yellowish. VAR. 2, apicula'ta, G. E. Sm. 

 (sp. ) ; taller, leaves broader, heads acutely 5-angled, invol. bracts purplish 

 boat-shaped, tips reddish. Rare. VAR. 3, spathula'ta, Presl (sp.); stem 

 short, leaves spathulate, heads 5-angled subtended by acute leaves, invol. 

 bracts boat-shaped, tips pale. Not uncommon. 



2. F. min'ima, Fries; leaves small lanceolate, heads 3-6 in terminal 

 and axillary clusters longer than the subtending leaves, invol. bracts in 

 1-2 series at length spreading. F. montana, DC. not L. ; GfnapJuilium 

 arvense, Willd. not L. 



Dry places, rather local, from Ross southwards ; N.E. and S.E. of Ireland ; fl. 

 June-Sept. Slender, erect, 6-12 in., dichotomous. Leaves J in., erect. 

 Heads Jin., woolly, sessile ; invol. bracts very gibbous and concave at the 

 base, lanceolate, obtuse, glabrous, tips discoloured ; female flowers in 1-2 

 series. Fruit terete, papillose. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, Siberia. 

 F. GAL'LICA, L. ; leaves slender subulate, heads 2-6 in axillary clusters 



shorter than the subtending leaves, invol. bracts in 1-2 series subacute at 



length spreading. 



Sandy fields, rare and local, Essex, Herts, and Bucks ; a colonist, Watson ; 

 fl. July-Sept. Very slender, much dichotomously branched. Leave* ^-{j in., 

 ^-amplexicaul. Heads J in., sessile, woolly ; invol. scales very gibbous, con- 

 cave at the base ; tips scarious and discoloured. Fruit slightly compressed, 

 papillose. DISTRIB. Europe from Denmark southwards. 



27*. DORON'ICUM, L. LEOPARD'S- HANI:. 



Herbs with creeping or tuberous rootstocks. Radical leaves petioled, 

 cauline alternate, amplexicaul. Heads solitary or corymbose, rayed, 

 yellow ; invol. bracts in few series, linear, acuminate, nearly equal ; re- 



