HYPOCH^RIS.] COMPOSITE. 211 



1. H. gla'bra, L. ; annual, leaves narrowly obovate-oblong toothed or 

 sinuate, scapes many branched, involucre as long as the flowers, outer 

 pappus short. 



Dry fields, &c. from Ayr and Moray southwards ; rare in Scotland ; not found 

 in Ireland ; fl. June- Aug. Almost glabrous. Leaves spreading, 2-4 in., 

 rarely pinnatifid, obtuse or subacute. Scapes several, 6-12 in., slender or 

 stout, naked or with 1-2 scale-like leaves ; peduncles erect. Heads %-\ in., 

 yellow, cylindric ; involucre subcylindric ; bracts very unequal, few, green, 

 linear, acute. Fruit red-brown ; pappus dirty white, longer than the in- 

 volucre. DISTRIB. Europe from Gothland southwards, N. Africa, W. Asia. 



VAR. 1, gla'tsra proper ; marginal fruits not beaked. VAR. 2, Balbi'sii, Lois 

 (sp.) ; all the fruits beaked. 



2. H. radica'ta, L. ; perennial, leaves narrowly obovate-oblong sinuate- 

 or runcinate-pinnatifid, scapes many branched, involucre shorter than the 

 flowers, outer pappus short. 



Meadows, waste places, &c., ascending to 1,600ft. in the Highlands ; fl. June- 

 Sept. Hispid, rarely glabrous. Leaves many, 3-10 in., hispid on both 

 surfaces. Scapes 6-18 in., stout ; peduncles with small scale-like leaves. 

 Heads 1-1^ in. diam., yellow; involucre subcampanulate ; bracts many, 

 green, attenuated to the tip, often strongly ciliate on the margin and back. 

 Fruits red-brown, all beaked, strongly muricate. DISTRIB. Europe, N.Africa. 



3. H. macula'ta, L. ; perennial, leaves obovate-spathulate sinuate- 

 toothed, scapes one or few, involucre shorter than the flowers ciliate with 

 curly hairs, outer pappus 0. Achyrophorus maculatus, Scop. 



Chalk and limestone pastures, rare, Westmoreland, N. Wales, Cornwall, Cam- 

 bridge, Essex ; fl. July- Aug. Hispid. Leaves sessile, 1-4 in., often spotted 

 above. Scape stout, glabrous above, rarely forked, with 1-2 scale-like 

 leaves. Heads 1 in. diam., yellow ; involucre broadly campanulate ; bracts 

 many, slender. Fruits all beaked, faintly muricate ; pappus white. DISTRIB. 

 Europe, Siberia, Dahuria. 



33. KELMINTHIA, Juss. OX-TONGUE. 



Hispid, branched, annual herbs ; juice milky. Leaves alternate, uppermost 

 opposite, i-amplexicaul, toothed. Heads terminal, solitary, yellow ; invol. 

 bracts 2-seriate, ciliate, outer cordate spreading, inner erect ; receptacle 

 flat, naked, papillose. Corollas all ligulate ; anther-cells shortly tailed ; 

 upper part of style and its slender arms pilose. Fruit compressed, trans- 

 versely rugose, beak long erect slender ; pappus of many series of feathery 

 hairs. DISTRIB. Europe, W. Asia, N. Africa; species 5. ETYM. e\/j.iv0wv, 

 from the worm-\i\.& fruits. 



1. H. echioi'des, Gcertn.; lower leaves sinuate-toothed, upper cordate. 

 Fields and waste places in stiff soil in England, local ; Berwick and Dunbar, 

 doubtfully indigenous ; S. and E. of Ireland, rare ; fl. June-Oct. Stout, 

 erect, 2-3 ft., paniculately branched, hispid and setose, hairs with tumid 

 bases. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, radical petioled, upper amplexicaul. Head* 

 1 in. diam., peduncles stout, stiff, rather swollen, diverging, naked ; invo 

 lucre hemispheric ; outer bracts broadly cordate, foliaceous, inner acuminate. 

 Linnlex short. Fruit red-brown, long, curved ; pappus pure white. DISTRIB. 

 Europe from Holland southwards, N. Africa. 

 P2 



