PICRIS.] COMPOSITE. 218 



short, clothed with black hairs. Fruit red-brown, angled ; pappus snow- 

 white. DISTRIB. Europe, Siberia, Himalaya, Australia, New Zealand. 

 VAR. 1, Meracioi'des proper ; branches divaricate, heads irregularly corymbose. 

 VAR. 2, arva'lis, Jord. (sp.) ; branches ascending, heads subumbellate. 

 Leicestershire. 



36. LEON'TODON, L. HAWKBIT. 



Perennial, scapigerous herbs ; juice milky. Leaves all radical, obovate, 

 sinuate-toothed or pinnatifid. Heads on simple or branched scapes, 

 yellow ; in vol. bracts many, in several series, outer smaller ; receptacle 

 Hat, naked. Flowers all ligulate ; anther-cells not tailed ; style-arms 

 linear, obtuse, and upper parts of style pilose. Fruit terete, grooved, 

 transversely rugose ; beak short ; pappus-hairs rigid, 1-2-seriate, slightly 

 dilated at the base, outer simple and rough, or the outer of toothed scales 

 and the inner of one series of feathery hairs. DISTRIB. Europe, W. Asia; 

 species about 25. ETYM. \e<av and 6Sovs, from the toothed leaves. 



SUB-GEX. 1. Thrin'cia, Roth (gen.). Pappus of outer flowers of 

 toothed scales, of inner of feathery hairs. Buds drooping. 



1. L. hir'tus, L. ; leaves hispid oblong or lanceolate. Hedyp- 

 nois, Sm. 



Gravelly pastures, &c. from Fife and Lanark southwards, S. and Mid. Ireland ; 

 fi. July- Aug. A hispid biennial ; hairs often forked. Leaves 3-6 in., long- 

 petioled. ticapes very many, 4-8 in. Heads ^-f in. diam. ; involucre cam- 

 panulate ; bracts lanceolate, subacute, keeled, glabrous, hispid or ciliate on 

 the edges and back. Fruit \ in., closely grooved and minutely muricate ; 

 outer stouter, curved, almost smooth ; pappus white. DISTRIB. Europe 

 from Gothland southwards. 



SUB-GEN. 2. Apargia, Willd. (gen.). Pappus -of all the flowers 

 2-seriate, slender ; outer short, scabrid ; inner longer, dilated at the base, 

 feathery. Buds drooping. 



2. L. his pidus, L. ; leaves hispid oblong-lanceolate. Hedypnois, Sm. 

 Meadows, &c., on dry soil, from Skye and Kincardine southwards, ascending 



to near 2,000 ft. in Northumberland ; rather rare in Ireland ; fl. June-Sept. 

 A hispid biennial ; rootstock truncate ; hairs often forked. Leaves 3-5 in. 

 Scapes 6-18 in., few, slender, swollen at the top. Heads 1^ in. diam. ; in- 

 volucre obconic ; bracts linear-lanceolate, tips woolly obtuse. Fruit slender, 

 ribs very muricate above ; pappus brownish- white. DISTRIB. Europe. 



SUB-GEX. 3. Oporin'ia, Don (gen.). Pappus of all the flowers 1- 

 seriate, feathery, dilated at the base. Buds erect. 



3. L. autumna'lis, L. ; leaves glabrous lanceolate. Apargia, Willd. 

 Pastures and waste places; ascends to 3,000ft. in the Highlands; fl. July-Sept. 



Glabrous below, hispid above ; rootstock truncate. Leaves 410 in., vari- 

 able. Scape ascending, usually solitary, branched, rarely simple, bracteate ; 

 peduncles swollen above. Heads J-li in. diam., involucre obconic or cam- 

 panulate ; bracts glabrous hispid or clothed with black hairs, outer subulate, 

 inner linear obtuse. Fruit very slender, ribbed, slightly muricate ; pappus 

 brownish-white. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), Siberia, W. Asia, Greenland ; 

 introd. in N. America. 



