CAMPANULA.] CAMPANULACE^!. 227 



6. C. Trachelium, L.; hispid, stem tall angled, leaves all petioled 

 ovate-lanceolate from a broad base irregularly coarsely obtusely serrate, 

 bracts leafy. Nettle-leaved Campanula. 



Woods and copses in dry soil, from Anglesea and York to Devon and Kent ; 

 Kilkenny only in Ireland ; fl. Sept.-Oct. Rootstock short, stout. Stem 1-3 ft., 

 hairs reversed. Leaves doubly-serrate ; radical long-petioled cordate ; cauline 

 gradually attenuated from the base, acute. Racemes pam'cled, peduncles 

 short ; bracteoles lanceolate ; flowers 1 or many, erect or inclined. Calyx- 

 tube hispid, very short and broad ; lobes ovate-lanceolate. Corolla ^-^ in., 

 blue-purple, broadly campaiiulate ; lobes suberect, acute. Capsule drooping, 

 valves basal. DISTEIB. Europe, N. Africa, Siberia. The uppermost flower 

 in each raceme opens first. 



7. C. glomera'ta, L. ; pubescent, stem short terete leafy, leaves crenate, 

 radical very long-petioled oblong- or ovate-cordate, cauline sessile ovate 

 ^-amplexicaul, flowers erect in leafy heads or irregularly spiked. 



Chalky and dry pastures, from Forfarshire to Dorset and Kent ; rare or 

 absent in the West and in Ireland ; fl. Sept.-Oct. Rootstock short, stout. 

 Stem 6-18 in., slender. Cauline leaves J-^in. Flowers bright blue, mostly in 

 a terminal head with a few axillary buds below it, subsessile. Calyx-tube 

 short, obconic, 5-ribbed ; lobes ovate. Corolla ^-f in. ; lobes recurved, 

 acute. Capsule short, valves basal. DISTRIB. Europe to S. Russia, W. 

 Asia, Siberia, Dahuria. The central flower opens first. 



STJB-GEN. 2. Wahlenber'gia, Schrad. (gen.). Corolla campanulate. 

 Capsule 4-superior, opening by loculicidal valves above the calyx-tube. 



8. C. hedera'cea, L. ; glabrous, very slender, creeping, leaves- all 

 petioled orbicular or cordate angled or obscurely lobed, peduncles 1-flowered 

 leaf-opposed, corolla cylindric-campanulate, lobes short. 



Bogs and damp woods, especially in the West, from Renfrew and York south- 

 wards ; S. and E. of Ireland, rare ; fl. July- Aug. Rootstock creeping. Stem* 

 filiform. Leaves ^-J in. diam., membranous, subacutely 5-angled or -lobed, c 

 upper often opposite ; petiole slender, dilated upwards. Peduncles much 

 longer than the petioles. Calyx-tube shortly turbinate ; lobes triangular- 

 subulate, erect. Corolla % in., pale blue ; lobes obtuse, recurved. Capsule 

 subglobose, membranous. DISTRIB. Europe from Denmark and France to 

 Germany, and from Spain to Dalmatia. 



SUB-GEN. 3. Specula'ria, Heist, (gen.). Corolla rotate. Capsule 

 fusiform, angled, opening by slits beneath the calyx-limb. 



9. C. hyb'rida, L. ; annual, hispid or puberulous, leaves oblong waved, 

 flowers subsessile axillary, calyx-lobes exceeding the corolla. 



Cornfields in dry soils, from York and Durham southwards ; Fife and Hadding- 

 ton in Scotland, but introduced ; a colonist, Watson; fl. June-Sept. Stem 

 6-10 in., erect or decumbent, simple or branched from the base, angled. 

 Leaves small ; radical with broad petioles, ovate or spathulate ; cauline 

 sessile, obtuse. Calyx-tube longer than the floral leaves, sharply angled ; 

 lobes linear-oblong, rather foliaceous. Corolla blue inside, lilac outside, 

 cleft to near the middle; lobes acute. Capsule 1-1^ in. Seeds polished, 

 ovoid. DISTRIB. Europe from Holland southwards, N. Africa. 

 Q 2 



