ERICACEAE. 229 



ORDER XLIV. ERICA CE^E. 



Evergreen shrubs, rarely herbs or trees ; (Monotropa is a leafless para- 

 site.) Leaves alternate opposite or whorled, simple, often articulate with 

 the stem, exstipulate. Flowers regular or nearly so. Calyx superior or 

 inferior, 4-5-lid or -partite. Corolla hypogynous or epigynous, usually 

 campanulate and 4-5-toothed or -lobed, rarely of 5 petals ; lobes imbricate 

 in bud. Stamens 4, 5, 8, or 10, hypogynous or epigynous; anthers 

 2-celled, cells obtuse or with tubular tips, opening by terminal pores or 

 slits, often with basal or dorsal awns. Disk epigynous or hypogynous, 

 annular and lobed or of glands or scales. Ovary 4-5-celled- angled or 

 -lobed ; style terminal or from between the lobes, stigma small simple 

 or 4 5-lobed ; ovules many in each cell, rarely few or solitary, pendulous 

 from simple or 2-tid axile placentas. Fruit 3-5-celled, a berry or 3-5- 

 valved capsule ; cells many- rarely 1 -seeded. Seeds small, testa reticulate 

 sometimes lax and produced at both ends, albumen fleshy ; embryo minute, 

 clavate. DISTRIB. Chiefly temp, and cold climates ; genera about 70 ; 

 species about 1,000. AFFINITIES. With Epacridece. PROPERTIES unim- 

 portant. 



SUB-ORDKR I. Vaccin'iese. Buds clothed with scales. Stamens epigynous. 

 Ovary inferior. 



Corolla campanulate or urceolate 1. Vaccinium. 



Corolla rotate 2. Oxycoccos. 



SUB-ORDER II. Eri cese. Buds naked or scaly. Stamens hypogynous. Ovary 



superior. 



TBIBE I. ARBUTE.2E. Buds naked. Leaves usually broad. Corolla 

 deciduous. Fruit a berry or drupe. 



Ovary-cells many-ovuled 3. Arbutus. 



Ovary-cells 1-ovuled 4. Arctostaphylos. 



TRIBE II. ANDROMEDE'JE. Shrubs. Buds clothed with scales. Leave* 



usually broad. Corolla deciduous. Capsule loculicidal 5. Andromeda. 



TRIBE III. ERICI'NIUE. .Buds naked. Leaves small. Flowers 4-merous. 

 Corolla persistent. Anthers usually connate in bud. Capsule locuh'cidal, 

 rarely septicidal. 



Corolla 4-fid. Capsule loculicidal, cells many-seeded 6. Erica. 



Corolla 4-partite. Capsule septicidal, cells few-seeded 7. Calluna. 



TRIBE IV. RHODORE-ffi. Buds clothed with scales. Leaves usually 

 broad. Flowers 4-5-merous. Corolla deciduous. Capsule septicidal. 



Corolla urceolate. Anthers 8, with pores 8. Dabeocia. 



Corolla urceolate. Anthers 10, with pores 9. Phyllodoce. 



Corolla campanulate. Anthers 5, with slits 10. Loiseleuria. 



TRIBE V. PYROLE'/E. Herbs. Buds scaly. Leaves chiefly radical. 

 Petals 5, free or connate, concave. Capsule loculicidal. Seeds with 

 a loose testa produced at both ends far beyond the nucleus. 



11. Pyrola. 



SUB-ORDER III. Monotro'pese. Herbs, fleshy. Leaves replaced by scales. 

 Petals perigynous, free or connate, deciduous. Stamem hypogynous. 

 Ovary free. Capsule loculicidal. Seeds as in Pyroleas 12. Monotropa. 



