250 BORRAGINE^E. [AxciirsA. 



alien, Watson; fl. June-July. Root stout, biennial. Stem 1-2 ft., angled, 

 simple or branched. Leaven, radical 3-6 in., gradually narrowed into long 

 winged petioles ; cauline oblong-lanceolate or linear-oblong, sessile, upper- 

 most ^-amplexicaul. Cymes forked or in pairs, 1-2 in., lengthening to 4-o'in. ; 

 bracts and calyx-lobes ovate-lanceolate ; flowers subsessile. Corolla ^ in. 

 diam., violet-blue, scales white papillose. Nvtlets small, brown. DIST'KIB. 

 Europe, W. Asia. 



SECTION 3. Caryolo'pha, Fisch. et Traut. (gen.). Corolla-tube straight, 

 shorter than the limb. Nutlets with the ring produced towards the style. 



A. sKMPEKYiiiENS, L. ; Mspidly hairy, leaves ovate acute. 

 Hedges and waste places from Ross southwards, rare and local, and in Ireland ; 

 'a denizen or alien, Watson; fl. May-June. Root stout, perennial. Stem 

 1-2 ft., simple. Leaves, radical 8-12 in., oblong-ovate, long-petioled ; 

 cauline ovate, shorter petioled. Cymes in pairs, very hispid, subcapitate, 

 long-peduncled, 2-bracteate, not lengthening much, axillary ; pudum-les 

 2 3 in., spreading, very slender; bracts ^-1 in., ovate-lanceolate; flowers 

 shortly pedicelled. Calyx-lobes linear. Corolla ^ in. diam., bright blue, 

 scales white. Nutlets small, reticulate. DISTRIB. W. Europe from Belgium 

 to Lombardy. 



A. LITHOSPER'MUM, T&urnef. CROMWELL. 

 Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes shrubby, hispid or hairy. / 

 in bracteate cymes. Calyx 5-partite. Corolla funnel- or s;i!\vr-sli:i|ici], 

 throat naked or with 5 tumid folds ; lobes 5, spreading. Slithery oblong. 

 included in the corolla-tube. Style simple, stigma capitate obscurely 

 lobed. Nutlets 4, bony or stony, inserted by a truncate base on <i flat 

 receptacle, smooth or rugose. DISTRIB. Europe, temp. Asia :m<l America; 

 species about 50. ETVM. \lOos and oWpjuo, from the stony nutlets. 



1. L. officina'le, Z. ; perennial, stems many all erect bnmrhrd :uid 

 flowering, leaves ^-amplexicaul narrow-lanceolate, nutlets smooth white. 

 Copses, hedgebanks, &c. from Ross southwards ; rare and doubtfully native in 



Scotland ; rather rare in Ireland ; fl. June-July. Rootxtiici- stout, woody. ' 

 Stem 1-3 ft., rough with the tuberous bases of the stiff hairs, very leafy. 

 L><iffsZ-4 in., pubescent above, strigose beneath. Cymes capitate, small, 

 strigose, on short leafy axillary branches ; bracts longer than the calyx ; 

 flowers subsessile. Calyx-lobes equalling the corolla. Corolla J in. diam., 

 yellow-white. Nutlets 1-2, narrowed upwards, shining. DISTKIB. Europe, 

 W. Asia, Siberia, Dahuria ; introd. in N. America. 



2. It. arven'se, L. ; annual, stems solitary erect branched, leaves 

 sessile -aniplexicaul linear-oblong, nutlets grey shining wrinkled. 

 Cornfields and waste places, from Ross southwards, and in Ireland ; fl. May- 

 June. Root tapering. Stem 10-16 in., stout, flexuous, shortly hispid 

 Leaves, radical obovate-lanceolate, petioled ; cauline 2-3 in. , obtuse. Cymes 

 short, terminal; bracts large, leafy; pedicels very short. Calyx-lobti 

 narrow-linear, almost equalling the corolla. Corolla J in., cream-white. 

 .\.iilets narrowed upwards. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, Siberia, W. Asia 

 to N.W. India ; introd. in the U. States. -Yields a red dye. 



3. It. purpu reo-crem lenm, L. ; perennial, barren stems creeping, 

 flowering erect, leaves subsessile narrow-lanceolate, nutlets white smooth. 



