CYNOGLOSSUM.] BORRAGINEJE. 255 



thickened. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa. Siberia, W. Asia ; introd. in U. 



States. Narcotic and astringent ; smells like mice. 



2. C. montanum, Lamk.; seabrid with short spreading hairs, nutlets 



without a thickened, border. C. sylvaticum, Hsenke. 



Copses and waste places in Mid. and E. England, rare, from Essex to Surrey 

 and Northampton to Gloucester ; naturalized in Perth and Forfar ; near 

 Dublin only in Ireland ; fl. May-July. Habit, &c. of C. offidnale, but greener, 

 more slender, with linear calyx-lobes ^ in. long in fruit, bluer corollas, and 

 the spines of the nuts largest on their margins. DISTRIB. Europe from 

 France and Germany southwards (excl. Spain and Greece). 



ORDER LI. SOLA'NEJE. 



Herbs or shrubs (rarely trees). Leaves alternate, or in pairs, or sub- 

 opposite, simple lobed or pinnatiseut, exstipulate. Flowers regular, on 1- 

 or more-flowered supra-axillary or axillary ebracteate cymes. Calyx 

 inferior, 5-fid, usually persistent, often enlarged in fruit. Corolla hypo- 

 gynous, rotate campanulate or salver-shaped ; lobes 5, imbricate plicate or 

 induplicate-valvate in bud. Stamens 5, rarely unequal, inserted on the 

 corolla-tube, short ; anthers 2-celled, connivent or cohering by their tips, 

 cells opening inwards by slits, or terminal pores. Disk annular, hypogynous. 

 Ovary 2- or incompletely 4-celled ; style simple, stigma simple or lobed ; 

 ovules many, amphitropous, placentas attached to the septum. Fruit a 

 many-seeded capsule or berry-. Seeds small, usually compressed, reniform, 

 hilum ventral or lateral, testa thick, albumen fleshy ; embryo'terete, straight 

 or curved, within or outside the albumen, radicle next the hilum. DISTKIB. 

 Chiefly tropical ; genera 60 ; species about 1,000. AFFINITIES. WithCon- 

 volvulacece and Scrophularinece. PROPERTIES. Narcotic and excitant, or 

 tonic and bitter, pungent or stimulant. 



Corolla subcampanulate. Capsule 2-celled ........................ 1. Hyoscyamus. 



Corolla rotate, anthers with pores. Berry 2-celled .................. 2. Solanum. 



Corolla subcampanulate, anthers with slits. Berry 2-celled ......... 3. Atropa. 



1. HYOSCY'AMUS, Tournef. HENBANE. 



Annual or biennial, heavy-scented herbs, often viscid. Leaves toothed or 

 sinuate-piimatifid. Flowers axillary or in bracteate scorpioid cymes. Calyx 

 urceolate, 5-toothed. Corolla irregular, bell- or funnel-shaped ; lobes 5, 

 plaited, obtuse, unequal. Stamens 5, inserted at the base of the corolla- 

 tube, declinate ; anthers with slits. Ovary 2-celled ; style simple, stigma 

 capitate ; ovules many. Capsule hidden in the calyx-tube, constricted in 

 the middle, 2-celled, membranous, bursting transversely at the crown, 

 many-seeded. Seeds reniform, punctate. DISTRID. 'Warm and temp.. 

 Europe, Africa, and Asia ; species about 14. ETYM. obscure. 



1. H. ni'ger, L. ; leaves angled toothed or subpinnatifid. 

 Sandy waste places from Ross and Dumbarton southwards ; not native in 



Scotland ; common in Ireland ; fl. June-Aug. Pubescent foetid and viscid, 



with pale soft glandular hairs. Stem 1-2 ft., stout, branching, terete. 



liadiad leuces 6-8 in., petioled, ovate ; cauline oblong, amplexicaul, with 



