256 SOLANEJS. [HYO8CYAWJS. 



few large lobes or teeth. Plovers 2-seriate suhsessile. Cal>/v-tul>e ovoid ; 

 limb subcylindric, 5-toothed. Corolla 1-1 1 in. clia.ni., lurid yellow, veined 

 with purple ; lobes broad, nearly equal. Aitt/unv purple. ^ W//./--//'/- globose 

 in fruit, | in. diam., veined. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, Siberia, Dahuriu. 

 W.Asia to N.W. India. Anodyne and antispasmodic. A var. without 

 purple veins in the corolla has been found in Surrey, Norfolk, and Edinburgh. 



2. SOLA'NUM, Taurnef. NIGHTSHADE. 



Herbs or shrubs (rarely trees). Leaves scattered or in pairs, entire or 

 divided. Flowers in the forks of the stem, or supra-axillary, rarely ter- 

 minal, solitary fascicled or cyniose, white or blue. Calyx 5-10-fid. 

 Corolla rotate, tube short ; lobes 5-10, plaited. Stamens 5, inserted 

 on the corolla-throat, exserted ; filaments very short ; anthers conniving, 

 opening by 2 terminal pores. Ovary 2- rarely 3-4-celled ; style simple, 

 stigma obtuse ; ovules many. Berry 2- rarely 4-celled, many seeded. 

 Seeds reniform. DISTRIB. An immense tropical genus, rarer in temp, 

 regions ; species probably 500-600. ETYM. doubtful. 



1. S. Dulcamara, L, ; perennial, stem flexuous, leaves ovate or cordate 

 sometimes 3-partite, cymes panicled leaf-opposed or lateral. Bitter-sweet. 

 Hedges and copses from Isla and Ross southwards ; a denizen in Scotland, 



ll'^oft; rather rare in Ireland; |fl. June- Aug. Glabrous or pubescent. 

 Rootstock extensively creeping. Stem MJ ft., trailing. Leaves 1-3 in., 

 acuminate, cordate, or upper hastate or with 2 auricles or petioled pinnules 

 at the base. Plotters mauy, drooping ; pedicels slender. Calyx-lobes broad, 

 obtuse. Corolla \ in. diam., purple or white, lobes revolute. A nt/in-n yellow, 

 cohering in a cone. Berry iin., ovoid, mucronate, red. DISTRIB. Europe, 

 N. Africa, W. Asia to N.W. India ; introd. in N. America. 

 VAR. nuiri'num, Syme ; stem prostrate branched, leaves fleshy. S. coast. 



2. S. ni'grum, L. ; annual, stem erect angled usually tubercled, leaves 

 rhomboid-ovate narrowed into the petiole, cymes umbellate lateral. 

 Waste places from Ayr and Fife southwards ; not indigenous in Scotland or 



Ireland ; fl. July-Oct. Glabrous or pubescent. Stem 6-24 in. , rarely more. 

 Leaves 1-3 in., sinuate or toothed. Flmcers few, drooping ; pedicels slender. 

 Calyx-lobes broad, obtuse. Corolla ^-^ in. diam., white; lobes ciliate, re- 

 curved. Berries J in. diam., globose, black yellow or red. DISTRIB. Widely 

 dispersed in temp, and trop. regions. 



VAR. 1, ni'grtim proper ; hairs usually curved upwards, leaves sinuate, berry 

 black. VAR. 2, minia'tum, Bernh. (sp.); hairs usually, straight, leaves 

 toothed, berry scarlet. Jersey and Guernsey. 



3. AT'ROPA, Z. DWALE. 



A branched herb. Leaves scattered or in pairs, quite entire. Flowers 

 solitary or few, pe'duncled, lurid violet or greenish. Calyx 5-partite. 

 Corolla campanulate, regular ; lobes 5, plaited. Stamens 5, inserted at 

 the bottom of the corolla-tube, filaments filiform ; anthers with, slits. 

 Ovary 2-celled ; style simple, stigma peltate ; ovules many. Berry 2- 

 celled, subtended by the spreading calyx, many-seeded. Seeds reniform, 

 minutely pitted. DISTRIB. Europe from Denmark southwards, N. Africa; 

 introd. in N. America. ETYM. "Arpovos, one of the Fates. 



