EHINANTHUS.] SCROPHULARINE^E. 273 



Sub-sp. MA'JOR, Ehr. (sp. ) ; tall, much branched, bracts yellow at the base, 

 corolla-tube exceeding the calyx-teeth, lower lip shorter than the upper, 

 lobes of the latter longer than broad, seeds winged or not. - Cultivated fields, 

 local from Moray southwards. VAK. ap'term, Fries ; seeds ribbed not winged. 



Sub-sp. MI'NOE, Ehr. (sp.); much smaller, stem subsimple, bracts green, 

 corolla-tube equalling the calyx-teeth, lower lip equalling the upper, lobes 

 of the latter shorter, seeds broadly winged. Grassy places. 



12. PEDICULARIS, Tournef. LOUSEWORT. 



Herbs, black when dry ; parasitic on roots. Leaves alternate whorled or 

 opposite, toothed or piiinatisect. flowers in bracteate spikes or racemes, 

 white red purple or yellow. Calyx tubular or campanulate, split anteriorly ; 

 teeth 2-5, unequal, entire lobed or crested. Corolla 2-lipped, tube cylin- 

 (Irie or dilated at the throat; upper lip compressed, entire or notched, or 

 with 2 teeth below the tip ; lower 3-lobed. Stamens 4, concealed by the 

 upper lip, filaments or the 2 posterior only hairy ; anther-cells obtuse. 

 Capsule compressed, oblique at the top, loculicidally 2-valved, seeds few, in 

 its lower part. Seeds ovoid, testa firm or lax rugose or smooth ; embryo 

 short or long. DISTRIB. N. temp, regions ; species upwards of 100. 

 ETYM. pediculus, being supposed to encourage lice in sheep. 



1 . P. palus tris, L. ; stem erect branched above, calyx ovoid compressed 

 hairy ribbed, lobes subequal crenate. 



Bogs and marshes, ascending to 1,800ft. in the Highlands; fl. May-Sept. 

 Glabrous or sparingly hairy, annual. Stem 6-18 in., stout. Leaves 1-3 in., 

 linear-oblong, pinnate ; segments oblong, obtuse, crenate or pinnatifid, 

 ultimate rounded. Bracts leafy. Calyx ^-^ in., reddish-green, ventri- 

 cose in fruit. Corolla 1 in., dull pink; upper lip obtuse 3-toothed ; lower 

 broad. Capsule exceeding the calyx, curved. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), 

 excl. Spain Greece and Turkey, Siberia, Dahuria. 



2. P. sylvat'ica, L. ; stem branched at the base, branches spreading, 

 calyx oblong angled glabrous, lobes unequal foliaceous crenate. 



Copses, heaths, and damp meadows, ascending to 2,000 ft. in the Highlands ; 

 fl. April-July. Glabrous, perennial. Stems many, 3-10 in., decumbent and 

 ascending from a very short rootstock, leafy. Leaves and bracts much as in 

 P. palustris, but segments acute. Spike lax -flowered. Calyx $ in., 5-lobed, 

 upper lobe entire, the rest foliaceous. Corolla 1 hi., rose-coloured, tube 

 slender, upper lip 2-toothed. Capmie longer than the calyx, obliquely 

 truncate. DISTRIB. Europe, excl. Greece and Turkey. 



13. MELAMPYRUM, Tournef. COW-WHEAT. 

 Erect, branched, annual herbs, black when dry, parasitic on roots. 

 Leaves opposite, cauline narrow entire. Flowers axillary and solitary or 

 in leafy spikes. Calyx tubular or campanulate ; teeth 4, acuminate. 

 Corolla 2-lipped, tube cylindric, dilated above ; upper lip short, com- 

 pressed, truncate in front, margins narrowly recurved ; lower shorter, 

 3-lobed, palate prominent. Stamens 4, hidden by the upper lip ; anthers 

 oblong, hairy, cells mucronate. Disk an hypogynous anticous gland. 

 Stigma small, obtuse ; ovules 2 in each cell, collateral, near the base of 

 the septum, one subsessile erect, the other stalked fixed laterally. Capsule 

 compressed, ovate, oblique or falcate, loculicidally 2-valved, 2-4-stedeil. 



