STACIIYS.] LABIATE. 289 



1-3 ft. , very stout, branched. Leaven coarsely crenate-serrate, often cordate, 

 wrinkled under the matted hairs ; radical 2-5 in., tufted, rather long-petioled. 

 Whorl* interrupted ; upper bracts lanceolate ; bracteoles subulate ; pedicels 

 very short. Calyx villous ; upper lip longest ; teeth triangular, spinescent. 

 Corolla in., pale rose-purple, pubescent, lower lip spotted. DISTRIB. 

 Europe from Belgium southwards, W. Asia to N.W. India. 



4. S. arven'sis, L. ; annual, sparingly hairy, leaves ovate or oblong 

 obtuse crenate, whorls 4-6-flowered, corolla very small. 



Cultivated fields and waste places ; rare in Scotland, local in Ireland ; a native 

 or colonist, Watson; ft. April-Nov. Stem branched from the base ; branches 

 G-18 in., weak, ascending, often rooting below. Leaves small, J-l in., base 

 cordate or cuneate, upper sessile ; petioles very variable. Wliorls ^-^ in. 

 diam. ; bracts sessile, subacute ; bracteoles ; pedicels short. Calyx-teeth 

 longer than the tube, lanceolate-subulate, spinous-tipped. Corolla equalling 

 the calyx, ^ in., pale pink variegated with white. DISTRTB. Europe, N. 

 Africa, Siberia, W. Asia to N.W. India; introd. in N. America. 



SUB-GEN. 2. Beton'ica, L. (gen.). Whorls in short dense terminal 

 spikes ; lowest bracts leafy, upper minute. Anther-cells parallel. 



5. S. Beton'ica, Benth. ; hairs deflexed, leaves petioled oblong-cordate 

 obtuse deeply crenate, whorls all close or the lower only separate, calyx- 

 lobes triangular spinescent. Betonica officinalis, L. Wood Betony. 

 Copses, woods, roadsides, &c. from Skye and Ross southwards, rare in Scou- 



land and Ireland, ascends to 1,200 ft. in Northumberland ; fl. June-Aug. 

 Rootstock woody. Stems 6-24 in. , ascending or erect, simple or sparingly 

 branched from the base. Leaves 1-4 in., coriaceous, radical tufted on 

 slender petioles, crenatures large rounded ; cauline few, much narrower, 

 more toothed or serrate. Whorls in an oblong, obtuse, long-peduncled 

 spike, 1-3 in. ; bracteoles as long as the calyx, oblong-lanceolate, awned 

 pedicels short. Calyx-teeth as long as the tube. Corolla f in., red-purple, 

 hairy, tube exserted ; upper lip erect, lower 3-lobed. DISTRIB. Europe, 

 N. Africa, W. Siberia. Formerly much used medicinally. 

 13. GALEOPSI3, L. HEMP-NETTLE. 



Annual herbs ; branches diverging. Leaves toothed. Whorls many- 

 flowered, dense, axillary and terminal ; bracts foliaceous ; flowers red 

 orange or variegated. Calyx subcampanulate, nearly regular, 5-nerved ; 

 teeth 5, spinescent. Corolla-tube straight, naked inside, throat dilated ; 

 uppi.-r lip ovate, arched ; lower 3-fid, mid-lobe obcordate or 2-fid ; palate 

 with erect teeth at the union of the lobes. Stamens 4, exserted ; anther-cells 

 opposite, transversely 2-valved, inner valve rounded ciliate, outer larger 

 naked. Nutlets rounded, compressed, ' obscurely reticulate. DISTRIB. 

 Temp. Europe, W. Asia ; species 3. ETYM. 7o/u'rj and ttyis, from the 

 resemblance of the corolla to a weasel's head. 



1. G. Ladanum, L. ; softly pubescent, nodes not thickened, calyx- 

 teeth not exceeding the tube, corolla red. 



Cornfields and waste places, from Skye and Ross southwards, rare in Scotland ; 

 E. of Ireland, rare and local; a colonist, Watson; fl. July-Oct. Stem 

 6-18 in. ; branches many, ascending. Lraves petioled. 1-2 in., ovate-oblong 

 or linear-lanceolate, acute, sen-ate. Whorls few- or many-flowered ; bracts 

 sessile ; bracteoles linear, spiuescent ; psdicels very short. Calyx teeth 

 U 



