BALLOTA.] LABIATE. 293 



shaped, 10-nerved ; teeth 5-10, dilated at the base or connate into a 

 spreading limb. Corolla-tube with a ring of hairs inside ; upper lip erect, 

 concave ; lower as long, 3-lobed, spreading. Stamens 4, ascending under 

 the upper lip ; anthers conniving in pairs, cells at length diverging. Style- 

 lobes subulate. Nutlets obtuse. DISTRIB. Europe, N. and S. Africa, 

 temp. Asia ; species 23. ETYM. The Greek name. 



1. B. nigra, L. ; erect, hairy, calyx-teeth exceeding the corolla-tube. 

 Hedgebanks, &c. from the Forth and Clyde southwards ; rare and seldom 

 indigenous in Scotland and Ireland ; fl. July-Aug. Dull green, hoary or 

 woolly, foetid. Rootstock stout, short. Stem 2-3 ft., stout, erect, much 

 branched, hairs usually reflexed. Leaves 1-2 in., petioled, ovate- or 

 orbicular-cordate, crenate or almost lobulate. Wluirls many ; cymes pe- 

 duncled, 3-6-fiowered ; bracts leaf-like, bracteoles small; flowers sessile. 

 Calyx ^ in., slightly enlarged in fruit ; tube cylindric, strongly ribbed ; 

 limb short, expanded ; teeth 5, very variable, nerved, spinescent. Corolla 

 -| in., pale red-purple ; upper lip hairy outside and in ; mid-lobe of lower 

 obcordate. Nutlets obtusely 3-gonous, brown, smooth, shining. DISTRIB. 

 Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia ; introd. in N. America. 



VAK. 1, fve'tida, Lamk. (sp.); calyx-teeth deltoid mucronate or spinous-tipped. 

 VAR. 2, rudera'lis, Swartz (sp. ) ; calyx-teeth lanceolate tips long spiuous. 



16. TEU'CRIUM, L. GERMANDER. 



Herbs. WTwrls with leafy bracts or in leafy unilateral racemes or 

 spikes. Calyx tubular or campanulate ; teeth 5, equal or the upper 

 broader and reflexed. Corolla-tube short, naked within ; limb obliquely 

 5-lobed ; 2 upper lobes very small, 2 lateral larger, lowest largest, rounded 

 or oblong, often concave. Stamens 4, protruded between the 2 upper lobes, 

 2 lower longest ; anther-cells confluent. Style-lobes nearly equal. Nutlets 

 subglobose, smooth reticulate or pitted, obliquely truncate at the base. 

 DISTRIB. Temp, and warm regions ; species 86. ETYM. The ancient name. 



SECTION 1. Scorodonia, Mcench (gen.). Whorls 2-flowered,in terminal 

 branched 1 -sided racemes. Upper lip of calyx much dilated. 



1. T. Scorodonia, L. ; leaves all shortly petioled ovate -cordate 

 crenate, bracts short, calyx gibbous at the base. Wood Sage. 



Copses, heaths, and hedges, especially in stony soils ; ascends to 1,500 ft. in 

 Northumberland; fl. July-Sept. Perennial; finely pubescent or hairy. 

 Rootstock woody, stoloniferous. Stems 8-24 in., tufted, usually ascending, 

 rigid. Leaves 1-1 3 in., in distant pairs, rarely laciniate. Racemes 3-6 in., 

 branched at the base ; bracts petioled, green ; bracteoles ; pedicels short. 

 Calyx broadly campanulate, reticulate in fruit; lobes cuspidate, 4 lower 

 small incurved subulate. Corolla % in., ochreous. Stamens purplish. Nut- 

 lets subglobose, smooth. DISTRIB. Europe, except Kussia, N. Africa. 

 Bitter, aromatic,.tonic ; a substitute for hops. 



SECTION 2. Scor'dium, Benth. Whorls 2-6-flowered ; bracts leaf-like. 

 Up2>er lip of calyx equal to or rather larger than the lower. 



2. T. Scor'dium, L. ; leaves sessile oblong coarsely serrate, calyx nearly- 

 equal at the base, teeth nearly equal. Heater Germander. 



Wet meadows, very rare ; Yorkshire, Norfolk, Cambridge, Devon ; S. and \V. 



