EUPHORBIA.] EUPHORBIACE^E. 329 



Ireland ; fl. July-Oct. Bushy, glaucous, often reddish. Rootstock woody. 

 Stems 6-18 in., many, stout, erect or ascending, naked and tubercled below. 

 Leaves 1 in., very thick, sessile, obtuse, concave above, nerveless, margins 

 incurved when dry. Rays 5-8, short and stout, forked once or twice ; bracts 

 variable, -f in. diam., sometimes broader than long. Involucres sessile or 

 pedicelled, cusps of glands short. Capsules deeply lobed, valves very 

 rugose, with a dorsal furrow. Seed ovoid, caruncle minute. DISTRIB. 

 Europe from Belgium southwards, excl. Greece and Turkey. 

 E. E'SULA, L. ; perennial, leaves linear or oblong-laneeolate, bracts 



broadly cordate mucronate, capsule granulate, seeds smooth ovoid brown. 



Woods and fields, introduced near Forfar, Edinburgh, and Alnwick ; fl. July. 

 Roots tock creeping. Stem 1-2 ft., erect, slender, naked below, simple or 

 with leafy flowerless lateral branches. Leaves 1-1J in., sessile, spreading, 

 acute or obtuse, sometimes denticulate, thin, 1 -nerved. Rays 10-20, long, 

 slender, forked only at the tips ; bracts ^-i| i n - diam., reniform-cordate, 

 acute or obtuse. Involucres small, long-pedicelled ; glands with short 

 straight cusps. Capsule small, valves rugose and with a dorsal furrow. 

 Seeds quite smooth, caruncle small. DISTEIB. Europe, Persia, Mid. and N. 

 Asia ; introd. in N. America. 

 E. CYPARIS'SIAS, L. ; perennial, leaves narrow-linear quite entire, bracts 



cordate obtuse, capsule granulate, seeds smooth globose pale. 



Woods and plantations, introduced from Cumberland southwards ; fl. June- 

 July. Habit of E. Esula, but rather glaucous; rootstock creeping and 

 stoloniferous ; more leafy ; leaves narrower ; bracts smaller, and seeds_almost 

 white. DISTRIB. Europe, excl. Turkey; introd. in N. America. 



*** Leaves opposite. Umbels 3-4-rayed. Glands of involucre lunate, cuspidate. 

 E. LATH'YRIS, L, ; biennial, leaves decussate linear- oblong broader at 



the base obtuse, bracts cordate at the base, capsule smooth, seeds ridged 



and wrinkled dusky brown. 



Copses and woods, naturalized in England and Scotland ; an alien, Watson ; 

 fl. June-July. Glabrous, glaucous. Stem, stout, erect, short, leafy the first 

 year, during the next elongating to 3-4 ft., and flowering. Leaves 2-8 in., 

 sessile, spreading, 1-nerved, tips rounded, apiculate. Hays stout, unequal, 

 irregularly forked ; bracts 1-3 in., ovate-lanceolate, acute. Involucres large, 

 sessile, cusps of glands suberect. Capsule ^ in. diam. Seed fa in., broadly 

 oblong, obliquely truncate, caruncle large. DISTRIB. Europe S. of the Alps ; 

 introd. in N. America. 



SECTION 2. Stems prostrate, dichotomously branched. Leaves opposite, 



stipulate. Involucres axillary or in the forks, solitary. 



10. E. Pep'lis, L. ; annual, glabrous, leaves dimidiate-cordate subentire. 



Sandy shores, I. of Wight west to Cardigan, very rare and uncertain in 

 appearance; Waterford in Ireland; Channel Is.; fl. July-Sept. Procum- 

 bent, glaucous, purplish. Steins many, 6-12 in., spreading from the root. 

 Leaves \ in., coriaceous, shortly petioled, obtuse or retuse, base on one side 

 produced outwards and downwards into a rounded auricle, on the other 

 obliquely cut off ; stipules ovate, 2-fid. Involucres shortly pedicelled, glands 

 oblong. Capsule i in., valves smooth, keeled, glabrous. Seeds white, not 

 caruncled. DISTRIB. Shores of Atlantic and Mediterranean from France 

 southwards ; salt tracts of W. Siberia, W. Asia. 



