376 NAIADES. [Zosri.iiA. 



1. Z. mari'na, L. ; spathe dilated above the peduncle, its blade long, 

 spadix many-flowered margin entire. 



Muddy and sandy estuaries near low-water mark ; fl. July-Sept. liooiatm-l,- 

 slender, rather fleshy. Leaves 1-3 ft., |-^ in. broad, obtuse, bright green, 

 opaque, 1-7 nerved. Spathe, including the leafy portion, 6-10 in., Tarring 

 in breadth as the foliage does. Spadix 1-3 in. Flowers green, usually in 

 series of 2 anthers (perhaps one 2-celled anther) and an ovary. Fruit { in. 

 furrowed. DISTRIB. Most temp, coasts (Arctic). 



VAR. 1, mari'iM proper ; leaves |-^ in. broad 3-7 -ribbed. VAR. 2, angusti- 

 fo'lia, Syme ; leaves |-J in. broad 1-3-nerved. 



2. Z. na'na, Roth; spathe dilated above the peduncle, its blade short, 

 spadix few-flowered, margin with inflexed membranous appendages. 

 Estuaries, rare, from Forfar and Argyle to Sussex and Dorset ; Dublin Bay ; 



fl. July-Sept. Similar to Z. marina, var. angwstifoiia , but leaves not more 

 than 6 in. by -J broad, 1-3 nerved; fruit shorter and very obscurely striatc. 

 DISTRIB. Atlantic coast of Europe, N. Africa. 



5. NA'IAS, L. 



Very slender fresh-water herbs. Leaves submerged, linear, opposite 

 fascicled or whorled ; stipules adnate to the leaf-base. Flowers 1 -sexual, 

 solitary or crowded on short branchlets. MALE. Spathe membranous, 

 tubular, toothed. Stamen 1, filament at length elongating ; anther sub- 

 sessile, 4-celled ; pollen large, globose. FEMALE naked. Carpel 1, ovoid, 

 sessile ; style short, stigmas 2-4 persistent subulate ; ovule basal, erect, 

 anatropous. Drupe small, epicarp thin, separable. Seed ovoid, testa 

 thin ; embryo ovoid, oblong, radicular end largest. DISTRIB. Various 

 climates ; species 8. ETYM. vutas, a water-nymph. 



1. N. flex ills, Rostkoo.; leaves opposite or 3 in a whorl. 

 Lakes near Roundstone, Connemara ; female plant only ; fl. Aug. -Sept. 

 >V< / filiform, branched, brittle. Leaves A-l in., very slender, linear, quite 

 entire or remotely serrulate ; sheaths ciliate. Plovers monoecious, 2-3 or 

 solitary. Drupe in. DISTRIB. Europe, Asia, America. 



ORDER VIII. LILIACEJE. 



Root bulbous or fibrous, or rootstock creeping. Stem rarely shrubby 

 or arborescent. Flowers 2- rarely 1-sexual. Perianth herbaceous, peta- 

 loid, inferior ; segments 6 in 2 series, rarely 4, 8, or 10, free or connate, 

 imbricate (rarely valvate) in bud. Stamens 6 (3 in RUSCV.S) hypogynous 

 or inserted on the perianth, filaments long or short; anthers olilon^ or 

 linear. Ovary 3-celled ; styles 1 or 3, rarely 0, stigma simple or 3- 

 lobed ; ovules 2 or more in the inner angle of each cell, anatropons. 

 Fruit a 3- rarely 1-2-celled capsule or berry. Seeds 1 or more in each cell, 

 albumen horny or fleshy; embryo small, often minute, terete, radicle 

 next to or distnnt from the hilnm. Dii-TR'B. All climates ; genera 

 aliou 170; species about 1,500. AFFINITIES. With Juiicea. J'JIOI-KI;- 

 TIES various. 



