392 JUNCE^E. 



not jointed, pale green, very narrow, sheaths short. Cyme occupyiu 

 of the stem ; branches short or long, often flexuous ; flowers |-^ in., solitary 

 and distant, or in clusters of 2-4 ; bracts small, scarious, obtuse. /'/.< n 

 usually secund, pale green. Peruinih-seymeiits very unequal, long-acuminato, 

 sometimes much longer than the pale obovoid capsule. DISTKIB. Ear >j> , 

 N. Africa, Siberia, Dahuria, Himalaya, N. America. 



16. J. capita'tns, Weigd ; tufted, stems setaceous grooved not 

 jointed, heads terminal bracteate, perianth-segments elliptic-ovate acumi- 

 nate awned longer than the broadly ovoid mucronate capsule, stamens 3. 

 Sands inundated in winter, Jersey and Guernsey ; fl. May-July. Very small, 

 1-4 in. , tufted, reddish when dry. Steins strict, leafless above. Leaves all 

 radical, short, setaceous, channelled ; sheaths short. Heads solitary, rarely 

 23, 3-6-ttowered ; outer bracts setaceous, about twice as long as the flowers, 

 inner smaller, broadly ovate, aristate. Perianth fa in., pale, tips recurved. 

 DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa. 



2. LU'ZULA, DC. WOOD-RUSH. 



Characters of Juncus, but always perennial, foliage more grass-like, 

 always more or less ciliate with long flexuous white hairs. Anthers usually 

 longer than the filaments. Ovary 1-celled ; ovules 3, subbasal, erect. 

 Capsule 1-celled, 3-valved, 3-seeded. Seed with a basal or terminal 

 appendage. DISTRIB. All temp, and cold regions; species about 40. 

 ETYM. luciola, a glowworm. 



1. It. sylvat'ica, Bich. ; tall, cyme very compound, flowers clus- 

 tered, perianth-segments awned hardly equalling the ovoid acute beaked 

 capsule, seed tubercled at the tip. 



Woods and heaths, especially uplands ; ascending to 2,300 ft. in the H'Vli- 

 lands; fl. May-June. Rootstock short, tufted ; stolons short. Stems few, 

 1-2 ft. Leaves, radical ^-1 ft., often A in. broad, with scanty silky hairs, 

 channelled ; cauline few, short. Cyme large, branches often 3-4 in., spread- 

 ing in fruit. Flowers -h in., pale, usually 3-4 together; bracteoles ovate, 

 acute, scarious. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), excl. Russia. 



2. Ii. pilo'sa, Willd. ; slender, cyme lax, branches few reflexed in 

 fruit, flowers subsolitary, perianth-segments acuminate shorter than the 

 very broadly ovoid obtuse capsule, crest of seeds long curved terminal: 

 Shady places, ascending to near 1,900 ft. in the Highlands ; fl. April-May. 



Rootstock short, tufted; stolons slender. Stem* many, J-l ft. /.<"/.< 

 about half as long as the stem, - in. broad, soft, sparingly hairy. O/>n<- 

 with capillary branches and pedicels. Flowers J-l in., chesnut- brown, rarely 

 in pairs ; bracteoles broad, short. Capsule very broad below, suddenly con- 

 tracted to a conical top above the middle. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), N. 

 Africa, temp. Asia, N. America.- L. Borre'ri, Bromf., is a form chiefly found 

 in S. England and Wicklow, with an acute shorter capsule that ripens no seed. 



3. IM. Forste'ri, DC. ; characters of L. pilosa, but more slender, cap- 

 sule acuminate, and seeds with a shorter terminal straight obtuse crest. 

 Shaded places in chalky soil, from Essex and Cardigan southwards ; fl. April- 

 June. Habit of L. pilona, from which luxuriant specimens can hardly he 

 distinguished, except by the characters given above. DISTRIB. Franco, 

 Spain, Germany, Italy, Turkey, N. Africa, 



