CAREX.] CYPERACE^E. 407 



long as the ovate-lanceolate stalked compressed beaked pale perigynia. 

 Racheola linear, sometimes floriferous. Fruit oblong, plano-convex, grey. 

 DISTRIB. N. and Alpine Europe, N. Asia. 



3. C. dioi'ca, L. ; leaves setaceous, spikelet ebracteate dioecious or 

 male below, glumes many, perigynia erect or spreading, stigmas 2. 



Bogs and moorlands from Dorset and Sussex northwards ; ascending to nearly 

 2,900 ft. in the Highlands; rarer in Ireland; fL May-June. Rootstock 

 creeping, stoloniferous. Stem 6-12 in. , terete, striate, wiry, smooth. Spike- 

 lets : male J-^ in., very narrow, cylindric, glumes oblong- lanceolate, pale; 

 female %-% in., ovoid, glumes ovate, brown, deciduous, shorter than the 

 sessile ovoid beaked ribbed plano-convex perigynia. Fruit lenticular, 

 chesnut-brown. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), Siberia, N. America. 



4. C. mpes'tris, All. ; leaves channelled, bract subulate or 0, glumes 

 few, upper male, perigynia erect, stigmas 3. 



Ledges of Alpine rocks in Perth, Forfar, Aberdeen and Sutherland ; from 

 2,000-2,500 ft. ; fl. July. Rootstock creeping, tufted, stoloniferous. Stems 

 4-6 in., wiry, 3-gonous, rather rough. Leaves curved, rigid, margins re- 

 curved. Spikelet ^-1 in., narrow, dark-brown, shining. Glumes, female 

 few, broadly ovate, obtuse or mucronate, rather shorter than the elliptic, 

 smooth, pale, abruptly beaked perigynia. Fruit 3-quetrous, brown. DIS- 

 TRIB. Arctic and Alpine N. and Mid. Europe, N. Asia, N. America. 



SECTION 2. Spikelets short, sessile, most or all 2-sexual, all similar. 

 Bracts 0, or setaceous or leafy, never sheathing. Stigmas 2. 

 * Spikelets in simple spikes or lieads, male at the top only ; (spike sometimes com- 

 pound at the base in 7, disticha ; see also 11, muiicata.) 



5. C. incur'va, Light. ; stem short, spikelets capitate, bract 0, peri- 

 gynia longer than the ovate obtuse glumes, beak abrupt short smooth. 

 Sandy shores, E. coast, from Holy Is. northwards ; absent from Ireland ; 



fl. June-July. Rootstock very long, creeping. Stem stout, curved, subterete, 

 smooth, leafless. Leaves spreading and recurved, margins involute. Spike 

 |-f in. , broadly ovoid. Perigynia elliptic-ovoid, turgid, spreading, pale, much 

 larger than the pale brown glumes. Fruit ferruginous, lenticular. DISTRIB. 

 Scandinavia (Arctic), Italy, Turkey, Germany, Siberia, N.W. India, N. 

 America, S. Chili. 



6. C. divi'sa, Huds. ; slender, spikelets short crowded bracteate, peri- 

 gynia ovoid equalling the ovate cuspidate glumes, beak 2-fid serrulate. 

 Marshes, from York and Lincoln southwards ; Dublin only in Ireland ; fl. May 



-June. Rootstock stout. Stems 1-3 ft., very slender, leafy, 3-gonous, 

 scabrid above ; basal sheaths leafless. Leaves long, very narrow, flexuous, 

 margins involute. Spikes -li in., narrow, interrupted, pale brown ; bracts 

 setaceous or filiform. Glumes membranous. Perigynia not margined. Fruit 

 brown, plano-convex, orbicular. DISTRIB. Europe, from France and 

 Gel-many to Italy and Turkey, N. and S. Africa, W. Siberia, N.W. India. 



7. C. dis'ticha, Huds. ; stems long, spikelets in an elongate head, 

 bracts small, perigynia stipitate elliptic-ovoid ribbed exceeding the acumi- 

 nate glumes, wing narrow and 2-fid beak serrulate. C. intermedia, Good. 

 Wet meadows and marshes, from Isla and Kincardine southwards ; ascending 



to about 1,200 ft. in the Highlands ; fl. June. Rootstock creeping. Stem* 



