430 GBAMINE^E. [PHALARIS. 



Rivers, lakes, &c., ascending to nearly 1,400 ft. in the N. of England ; fl. July- 

 Aug. Perennial, glabrous. Rootstock creeping. Stems 2-6 ft., stout, erect. 

 Leaves %-% in. broad, flat; sheaths smooth; ligule large. l' /"'</ 4 Sin., 



suberect ; branches scabrid, spreading only when flowering. Kjiiki It-Is \ in., 

 ovate, often purplish ; empty glumes 3-nerved, acuminate, glabrous; fl. glume 

 rather shorter, ovate-lanceolate, nerveless, silky, with 2 narrow silky scales 

 at its base. DISTRIB. N. temp, and Arctic regions. 



9. ANTHOXAN'THUM, L. VERNAL GRASS. 



Sweet-scented. Spikdcte in a spikelike panicle, 1-fld. with a large 

 2-fid awned glume on each side of the flowering one. Empty glumes 2, 

 much exceeding the flowering, very unequal, membranous ; lower smaller, 

 1 -nerved ; upper 3-nerved. Fl. glume, glabrous, obtuse, awuless. Palea 

 1-nerved. Scales 0. Stamens 2 ; anthers large, linear, yellow. ( ><<',// 

 glabrous ; styles long, stigmas feathery. Fruit terete, acute, enclosed in 

 the brown shining fl. glume and palea. DISTRIB. IT. temp, and cold 

 regions of the Old World ; species 3. ETYM. &v6os and 01/005, from the 

 yellow anthers. 



1. A. odora'tum, L. ; panicle interrupted below. 



Meadows, woods, and banks, ascending to nearly 3,400 ft. in the Highlands ; 

 fl. May-June. Perennial. Stem 6-18 in., shining. Leaves flat, hairy ; 

 sheaths furrowed, often pubescent, mouth pilose. Panicle 1-5 in., pubes- 

 cent or villous ; branches short. Spikelets J in., fascicled, often squarrose, 

 green ; empty glumes ovate, acute, upper lanceolate, almost awned ; two 

 succeeding glumes 2-lobed, pilose, awn in the sinus slender exserted ; 

 fl. glume smaller. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), N. Africa, Siberia, Dahuria, 

 Greenland ; introd. in N. America. Odour of Woodruff. 



1O. HIEROCHLO E, Gmelin. HOLY GRASS. 



Spikelets laterally compressed, panicled, 3-fld. ; upper flower 2-sexual 

 2-androus ; 2 lower male, 3-androus. Empty glumes subequal, about 

 equalling the flowering, membranous, keeled, 3-nerved. Fl. gln<n<x 

 pedicelled, 5-nerved, awned or not. Palea of the 2-sexual fl. keeled, 

 1-nerved ; of the male fl. 2-nerved. Scales lanceolate. Stamens 2-3. 

 Ovary glabrous, styles long, stigmas hairy. Fruit terete, free. 

 DISTRIB. Arctic and cold regions ; species 10. ETYM. Itp&s and x*^ 

 sacred grass, from its being formerly strewed on church floors. 



1. H. borea lis, R. and S. ; fl. glumes shortly awned near the tip. 

 Wet banks, Thurso, and formerly in Forfarshire ; fl. May-June. K<,i,t.<t,-k 

 creeping. Stems 10-18 in., tufted, smooth, glabrous. Leaves flat, acute, 

 edges scabrid; sheaths smooth; ligule long. Panicle pyramidal, sulnini- 

 lateral, sparingly branched, pedicels smooth. SpiMet* fa in. broad, ovate, 

 fulvous or brown, shining ; empty glumes membranous, translucent, acute, 

 toothed, mucronate ; fl. glumes similar, of the male fl. hispid, ciliate ; of 

 the 2-sexual fl. hairy above. DISTRIB. Arctic, Alpine, and N. Europe, 

 N. and W. Asia, N. America. 



11. SESLERIA, Scop. 



Spikelets compressed, in a contracted dense snbcapitate bracteate panicle, 

 1-2-fld. ; bracts small, entire, toothed or multifid, sheathing the lower 



