CLASSIFICATION AND MARKETS. 71 



oils and fatness. Some of the exports to the West 

 Indies are called "black fats," and are made dark by 

 heavy pressure and the application of water. 



Nondescript Tobacco. This name applied to tobacco 

 indicates that it cannot be classified. It has the merit 

 of cheapness, and in times of scarcity of some well- 

 deQned type, a nondescript variety, resembling it, is 

 often substituted. The lowest and commonest grades of 

 lugs, especially if air cured, like the trash of the White 

 Burley, are often used in the United States for making 

 the cheapest grades of pipe-smoking tobacco. Some- 

 times stems are mixed with them to increase the bulk 

 and reduce the cost. The lowest qualities of lugs and 

 nondescript are also sometimes used for making sheep 

 wash. 



Stems, or midribs, are exported in considerable quan- 

 tities to Gei'many and Sweden, and are used in the man- 

 ufacture of cheap grades of snuff and chewing tobacco. 

 They are also extensively used in the United States for 

 the protection of fruit trees from the borer and other 

 insect enemies. Stems for exportation are prized in a 

 very dry condition, so as to save duty. Sweden uses 

 about 2000 hogsheads of stems annually. The net 

 weight of a hogshead averages from 1800 pounds to 2000 

 pounds. 



CLASS III. 



CIGAR AND SMOKING TOBACCO. 



Havana Seed or Seedleaf. Both varieties are as- 

 sorted by the cigar manufacturer in practically the same 

 manner. Seedleaf is used mostly as a binder. Com- 

 paratively little can be used for wrappers, as the leaf is 

 too rough, and its growth is not fine enough. Some 

 manufacturers, however, still cling to seedleaf wrappers, 

 and choice crops of this variety command a premium. 

 The leaf from all varieties of cigar tobacco is assorted 



