PESTS OF TOBACCO. %ll 



"Frenched" tobacco is worthless for any purpose ex- 

 cept as a substitute. 



Walloon or Waterloon, is a disease that affects the 

 appearance of the plant and causes the leaves, instead of 

 curving in graceful outlines, to stick up like "foxes' 

 ears," by which name the disease is known in some 

 localities. This disease, though akin to Frenching, 

 does not injure the tobacco to the same extent, though 

 it reduces the weight of the cured product and impairs 

 its quality and color. It results probably from deficient 

 drainage. 



Hollow Stalk. The overflowing of any part of a 

 tobacco field, though the water may stand on it for only 

 a few hours, will produce "Hollow stalk" and "Sore 

 shin." Some careful observers think hollow stalk re- 

 sults from the attack of the wireworm or the cutworm ; 

 others think it arises from the bruising of the young 

 plant or of injury done to the epidermis, so that the sap 

 is not able to ascend in full force. It most probably 

 arises from the absorption by the pith of an undue 

 amount of water, while partially overflowed, and the 

 effects of the subsequent exposure to the hot sun. The 

 disease is rarely seen upon a well-drained or porous soil. 

 The plants attacked with it should be cut at once, for 

 they will never grow or improve in any respect 

 thereafter. 



A New Disease of tobacco is described by J. Van 

 Breda de Haan (in Med.'s Lands Plantentuin, No. 15, 

 pp. 107, pi. 1.). It has appeared in Java. The leaves 

 become dark spotted and greatly depreciate in value. 

 The cause is attributed to the fungus, Phytophora 

 nicotiana n. sp. A study of the biology of the parasite 

 has been made and various attempts undertaken for the 

 repression of the disease. The author thinks it can be 

 prevented from spreading, by careful attention to, and 

 frequent change of, the plant beds, and by spraying the 

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