THE MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO. 459 



It uses seven distinct styles of wrappers : 1, Lemon ; 

 2, orange; 3, bright mahogany; 4, dark mahogany; 

 5, piebald or tortoise shell; 6, black wrapper; 7, cherry 

 red. The factory employs from 350 to 400 hands, and 

 has the capacity for turning out 15,000 pounds of man- 

 ufactured work daily. Every department is thoroughly 

 organized and run on correct business principles. An 

 idea of its works is given in Fig. 133, Page 462. 



THE MANUFACTURE OF SNUFF. 



There are five kinds of snuff manufactured in the 

 United States: The Scotch or "eating" snuff, the 

 maccaboy"or inhaling snuff, the sweet snuff and salting 

 snuff, the two latter being used for dipping. Eappee 

 snuff is made, to some extent, in the United States, but 

 largely in France, from American tobacco. 



The material used for making Scotch snuff consists 

 of heavy, dark tobacco of medium grade, and good 

 "fatty" lugs. The stock is kept at least two years in 

 hogsheads before it is used. It is then taken out, bun- 

 dle by bundle, and passed through a cutting machine, 

 where the leaves, including the stems, are coarsely cut. 

 When cut, it is packed in hogsheads and made to go 

 through three successive fermentations. 



In these processes of fermentation, the heat reaches 

 from 90 to 100 F. Each period of fermentation is 

 arrested by exposing the tobacco to the air. It is then 

 repacked and made to go through another fermentation. 

 After three fermentations, which require about six 

 weeks, sometimes more, sometimes less, according to 

 the richness and character of the tobacco used, the 

 tobacco is thoroughly dried, by exposing it in wide, flat 

 iron pans for a short time to a high degree of heat. It 

 is then carried from the pans to pulverizers, which con- 

 sist of a series of mills, each of which has three heavy 

 iron rollers rubbing against the concave and inner sur- 



