Introduction. 19 



quits Transylvania below Dobra, and passing through the 

 plains of Hungary, falls into the Theysse, opposite Szegedin. 

 Among other rivers that issue from the northern mountains of 

 Hungary, are the Boclrog and the Hernat, with smaller streams, 

 such as 'the Erlau, the Zagyva, &c. The Theysse, after its 

 junction with the Marcs, is not inferior to the Seine, at Paris. 

 This river, with the Maros, the Koros, the Szamos, and the 

 Bodrog, are navigable in detached parts of their course, but 

 not throughout. Many attempts have been made to render 

 some of them serviceable to navigation, by canals of commu- 

 nication, but hitherto they have proved fruitless. 



The Save (Szava, Sclav. Sau, Germ.) which forms the 

 southern limit of the Hungarian States, rises in the mountains 

 of Carniola, crosses Styria, and enters into Croatia, to the 

 Hungarian part of which it serves as a boundary. It frequent- 

 ly overflows, covering all the low tracts about it, and leaving 

 water that turns stagnant a great part of the year. It is navi- 

 gable nearly throughout, and is the channel by which grains, 

 tobacco, &c. are exported to Dalmatia and Italy. 



The Drave (Drava, Sclav. Drau, Germ.) rises on the frontiers 

 of Tyrol, crosses Carinthia and Styria, enters the Hungarian 

 States, and proceeds in a S. E. direction for the Danube, into 

 which it falls below Eszek. This river forms the natural 

 boundary between Hungary and the provinces of Croatia and 

 Sclavonia. 



There are two lakes in Hungary of considerable magnitude, 

 the lake Balaton, and the lake Neusiedel. The former is about 

 sixteen leagues from S. W. to N. E. ; its greatest width is 

 nearly three leagues. Its situation is between the comitats of 

 Szala and Sumegh. The lake of Neusiedel, from N. to S., is 

 about eight leagues, its greatest width two and a half. Its 

 situation is between the comitats of CEdenburg and Wiesel- 

 burg. There are many other collections of water, of a smaller 

 description, in the mountainous regions. 



Marshes are uncommonly numerous in Hungary, and par- 

 ticularly in the middle of the Great Plain, on the banks of the 

 Theysse and the Danube, as also in the large vallies, through 

 which run the Drave and the Save. Baron Lichtenstern esti- 

 mates the surface of the lands overflowed, at 300 square 

 leagues, or 108 geographical German square miles. Several 

 lords have successfully attempted the draining of certain mar- 

 shes; their example duly imitated, would restore an immense 

 number of acres to cultivation, and secure the inhabitants from 

 putrid miasmata, to which they are now liable. This malign 

 influence, however, is confined within a compass of about 300 



