Introduction, 23 



The Greek Orthodox church, which was raised about the 

 same time, has its adherents in most of the Russniacs, Walla- 

 chians, and Servians. They are subject to two bishops, one of 

 whom resides at Unghvar, and the other at Grosswardien, 

 both suffragans to the archbishop of Gran. This church has 

 its members also in Transylvania, with a few in Croatia and 

 Sclavonia. 



The Schismatic Greeks comprise almost the whole of Scla- 

 vonia, and the major part of the Wallachians, of Transylvania 

 and the Banat, besides others in some of the Hungarian comi- 

 tats. Their patriarch, similar to an archbishop in the Roman 

 church, resides at Carlowitz, near Peterwaradin j he has seven 

 bishops under him. 



Lutheranism has a number of partisans, that persecution 

 only augmented and made bolder. Tranquillity was com- 

 pletely restored, by the toleration edict of Joseph II., and 

 Lutherans are now to be found in every part of Hungary, 

 especially in the northern parts where the Germans have 

 settled. 



Calvinists are more numerous than Lutherans, and abound 

 chiefly in the plains of Hungary, and on the frontiers of Tran- 

 sylvania. 



The number of Socinians is very small; they are chiefly 

 found in Transylvania. That of the Anabaptists is still less ; 

 a few are found in the comitats of Presburg and Nyitra. 



The Jews are tolerated, and have synagogues, but are divi- 

 ded, as in other countries, into two sects, the Karaites, whose 

 Scripture is confined to the books of the Old Testament, and 

 the Rabbinists, who give almost equal authority to the Talmud. 



These religious denominations are sometimes more espe- 

 cially congregated in certain cantons; here we meet with a 

 Roman Catholic village or an Orthodox Greek, there a Schis- 

 matic Greek, or one of the reformed religion ; sometimes we 

 rind in the same village, three or four churches of different 

 communions, though it may not contain fifty houses. But, in 

 general, the Catholics exceed, and we may rate them, at least, 

 at one half of the population, or at five millions, including the 

 Orthodox Greeks, whose number amounts to six or seven 

 hundred thousand. The Schismatic Greeks may amount to 

 a million and a half, and the reformed religion may take in 

 two millions and a half, whereof the Calvinists form two thirds. 



OF THE FORM OF GOVERNMENT. 



Hungary has been governed, for some centuries, by the House 

 of Austria, yet it remains a distinct kingdom, with particular 

 laws, magistrates, and privileges, By special treaties, the 



