Introduction. 29 



/of worms and mulberry trees, are dwindled to an inconsider- 

 able number. A few paper" mills are scattered about the 

 country, but the paper is very bad, and the quantity small. 

 At GEdenburg are some brandy distilleries and a sugar house ; 

 also works for linseed and turnsol oil, and for snuff and to- 

 bacco, which last are in great reputation, and have a sale pro- 

 portionate. The tanneries are pretty numerous, and their 

 leather, dressed pretty well, forms a considerable article of ex- 

 portation. The potteries are also pretty numeraus ; delft 

 .ware is made at Buda, Kaschau, Papa, Dotis, and at Holies, 

 .on the frontiers of Moravia; this last is a very ancient esta^ 

 ilishment. At Debreczin are some houses for making com- 

 mon glass, and for making soap ; and there are a few alum 

 works, the most valuable of which are in the comitat of Beregh. 

 If the productions of industry in Hungary are of minor im- 

 portance, if they are inadequate to the internal consumption, 

 its natural productions more than compensate. These are in 

 such abundance, that the annual exportation is considerable. 

 The dealings, however, in them, are mostly in the hands of 

 foreigners, who, after amassing fortunes, return into their own 

 .countries to enjoy them. It gave me pain to find such a num- 

 ber of foreign traders selling their goods as dear as possible, 

 ,and contriving, by various expedients, to render themselves 

 necessary. This being the case, when are we to see public 

 attention directed to the making of roads, the construction of 

 canals, and rendering the rivers navigable? Several attempts 

 have been made, and projects, at different times, laid before 

 government, so far as to enter on the execution, but from the 

 want of public spirit, or the difficulty of exacting sacrifices 

 from the mercantile class, which are for grasping temporary 

 benefits in preference to future good, most of these improve- 

 ments have sunk into oblivion, and if actually commenced are 

 110 w abandoned. 



NATURAL PRODUCTIONS. 



In respect of these, no country in Europe is more favoured. 

 The abundance is such, compared with the adjacent countries, 

 that we no longer wonder 'at the old national adage, " Extra 

 Hungariam, non est vita, si est vita, non est ita." " There is 

 no living out of Hungary or, no living can compare with that 

 in Hungary." In the southern and eastern parts of the Great 

 Plain, the fertility is prodigious ; so also on the banks of the 

 Theysse and the banks of the Koros, in the comitats of Temes, 

 of Torontal, Csanad, Bekes, Bacs, Syrmia, &c. But besides 

 these places, grain of every species is cultivated with great 

 Advantage in all the southern parts of Hungary, of Transyl- 



