9? Auguft ' 



ward of the upper. The neck of land, 

 I mentioned before, was formed by the 

 dirt and filth, which had from time to time 

 been accumulated there, and by a rock 

 which lay that way, not by any gradual 

 diminution of the water. The upper city 

 lies above the other, on a high hill, and 

 takes up five or fix times the fpace of the 

 lower, though it is not quite fo populous. 

 The mountain, on which the upper city is 

 fituated, reaches above the houfes of the 

 lower city. Notwithftanding the latter are 

 three or four ftories high, and the view, 

 from the palace, of the lower city (part of 

 which is immediately under it) is enough 

 to caufe a fwimming of the head. There 

 is only one eafy way of getting to the up- 

 per city, and there part of the mountain 

 has been blown up. This road is very 

 fteep, notwithftanding it is made winding 

 and ferpentine. However, they go up and 

 down it in carriages, and with waggons* 

 All the other roads up the mountain are 

 fo fteep, that it is very difficult to climb to 

 the top by them. Moft of the merchants 

 live in the lower city, where the houfes 

 are built very clofe together. The ftreets 

 in it are narrow, very rugged, and almoft 

 always wet. There is likewife a church, 

 and a fmall market-place. The upper city 



is 



