Yearbook^ of Agriculture 1949 



roads and around the country homes. 



Norway maple is slightly smaller and 



grows a little less rapidly than bigleaf 



maple, but is not otherwise preferable. 



THE AMERICAN ELM cannot be rec- 

 ommended unqualifiedly for use in the 

 Pacific Northwest. Elm leaf beetle is 

 often serious, and spraying is necessary 

 to control this pest. 



PACIFIC MADRONE, a narrowly oblong 

 to broadly round-topped, broadleaf 

 evergreen, has a mature height of 60 

 to 80 feet. Its growth is moderately 

 rapid and it is long-lived. It gives 

 sparse to medium shade and is resist- 

 ant to drought but not to severe cold 

 or wind. The small white flowers ap- 

 pear in showy clusters from March to 

 May; the fruits are orange red in late 

 fall. The leaves are oval, 3 to 5 inches 

 long, glossy dark green above and pale 

 below. The bark is thin and pea green 

 or orange to reddish brown. This un- 

 usually colorful native is well suited 

 for use as a yard tree west of the 

 Cascade Range, in the Columbia River 

 Valley of central Washington, and 

 perhaps also in favorable localities 

 elsewhere in this region. It is less satis- 

 factory as a street tree, because it scars 

 easily and its smooth bark is a constant 

 temptation to small boys with jack- 

 knives. Its appearance is occasionally 

 impaired for a short time by leaf- 

 spotting fungi, but pests seldom cause 

 any permanent harm. 



A FEW ADDITIONAL SPECIES are valu- 

 able for special situations. 



For windy sites in western Wash- 

 ington and northwestern Oregon, the 

 California sycamore is useful. 



Rock elm, European linden, and 

 eastern black walnut can be used in 

 the mountains and valleys of eastern 

 Oregon and Washington where con- 

 ditions are not too severe. 



Green ash is satisfactory for the arid 

 plateaus east of the Cascade Range. 



CONIFERS RECOMMENDED for west- 

 ern Washington and Oregon include 



several species of cedar, cypress, and 

 pines. 



ATLAS CEDAR is pyramidal and 90 to 

 100 feet high when mature. Its growth 

 is moderately rapid and it is long-lived. 

 Its shade is sparse to medium. It is 

 fairly resistant to cold and pests. Foli- 

 age is bluish green or silvery blue in one 

 popular variety blue Atlas cedar. It 

 requires fairly rich soil and moderate 

 moisture. 



Atlas cedar and its close relatives, the 

 Deodar cedar and cedar-of-Lebanon, 

 must be given considerable space for 

 good development and for proper dis- 

 play of their attractive forms. They 

 have been successfully used sometimes 

 for street trees. If given an adequate 

 water supply, they should do well in 

 many localities east of the Cascades. 



LAWSON CYPRESS has been widely 

 planted because of its rapid growth, 

 the blue-green color of its foliage, and 

 its slender form. It is hardy throughout 

 the region and is long-lived under fa- 

 vorable conditions. Unfortunately, in 

 the Northwest a root disease has killed 

 many fine specimens. 



THE CALIFORNIA INCENSE-CEDAR is 

 broadly pyramidal when young, but 

 later it tends to become narrowly 

 columnar to broadly and irregularly 

 pyramidal. Its mature height is 80 to 

 100 feet. Growth is moderately rapid 

 and it is long-lived. The deep-green, 

 frondlike foliage casts shade of medium 

 to heavy density. The fibrous bark is 

 deeply ridged and reddish to cinnamon 

 brown. The trunk is broad at the base 

 and tapers rapidly. It is fairly resistant 

 to drought, cold, and pests. The ability 

 of California incense-cedar to thrive 

 in city environments is questionable, 

 but it will undoubtedly prove to be 

 valuable for both shade and ornament 

 in large suburban and country yards. 

 It is native to the eastern slope of the 

 Cascade Range as far north as Mount 

 Hood, and should do well in the Co- 

 lumbia River Valley and on the Snake 

 River Plain. 



