272 



Yearbook^ of Agriculture 1949 



to 6 percent and the remainder of the 

 surplus, if any, is distributed on the 

 basis of patronage. The corporation 

 has successfully developed new mar- 

 kets for Connecticut forest products 

 and thereby has helped owners to sell 

 timber. The company employs its own 

 forester and manager. The manage- 

 ment hopes to obtain exclusive con- 

 tracts with good market outlets, so 

 that it can be in a position to demand 

 good forest practices from persons who 

 use its services. Sustained yield is ad- 

 vocated. In 1947, the corporation 

 handled more than $70,000 worth of 

 business for its members. 



THE NEW ENGLAND FORESTRY 

 FOUNDATION, with headquarters in 

 Boston, represents another effort to get 

 private forests under management. It 

 is a nonprofit corporation set up to give 

 complete forestry service to woodland 

 owners at cost. Work is conducted 

 through management centers, each in 

 charge of a trained forester. Forestry, 

 crews are organized and trained to 

 work as private operators under con- 

 tract on the lands of its clients. These 

 crews, called forestry companies, do all 

 kinds of silvicultural work as well as 

 logging. All operations are under the 

 direct supervision of a management 

 forester. 



The foundation now has six man- 

 agement centers in three States, eight 

 full-time foresters, and three crews. 

 It has more than 70,000 acres under 

 management, which contain well above 

 a million dollars worth of stumpage. 

 The organization is still in the forma- 

 tive stage, and must raise funds pri- 

 vately for training foresters and for the 

 overhead of organizing centers. It 

 estimates that it will be completely 

 self-supporting when it has 20 or 25 

 centers. 



Both organizations and several co- 

 operatives have tried to fill the gap 

 that exists between what is feasible to 

 do on the land and what operators 

 are willing to do. None is organized 

 primarily to make money for the stock- 

 holders or for timber processors; their 



task, rather, is to promote good mar- 

 kets and, through them, good forestry. 



THE TREE-FARM MOVEMENT, under 

 the leadership of the American Forest 

 Products Industries and the State for- 

 estry organizations, is getting started. 



Wisconsin has seven tree farms that 

 cover 420,476 acres. Called industrial 

 forests, they include some of the best 

 and most intensively managed forests 

 in the country. Among them are those 

 of the Goodman Lumber Company, 

 Nekoosa-Edwards Company, and the 

 National Container Corporation. 



Agencies in Michigan and Minne- 

 sota are interested in joining this tree- 

 growing endeavor. 



In the Central States, Ohio has eight 

 tree farms that total 1,563 acres. In 

 Missouri, Illinois, Kentucky, and In- 

 diana, arrangements are being made 

 to undertake the program. 



In the East, Pennsylvania (with 11 

 units and 1,563 acres) and New Jersey 

 (with 7 units and 9,151 acres) have 

 tree farms in operation. West Virginia 

 and Massachusetts started tree-farm 

 projects in 1948. 



SEVERAL ADVANTAGES can be listed as 

 reasons why the northern section offers 

 opportunities for forestry: 



1. The wide variety of species that 

 possess high technical qualities, among 

 them the valuable hardwoods like yel- 

 low birch, black cherry, black walnut, 

 white ash, yellow-poplar, sugar maple. 



2. Some of the best softwood trees to 

 be found anywhere in the United 

 States white pine, white spruce, red 

 spruce, black spruce, red pine, and 

 the less- valuable but prolific jack pine, 

 Virginia pine, shortleaf pine, balsam 

 fir, and hemlock. 



3. An intensively industrialized sec- 

 tion, which offers potential markets for 

 all types and sizes of forest products. 



4. A climate conducive to good for- 

 est management, and fire-control or- 

 ganizations that have good records. 



5. Accessible forest land. Except in 

 northern Maine and the Adirondacks, 

 most of the northern forest land has 



