Important Forest Trees of the United States 



771 





13. Spruce pine. 14. Eastern hemlock. 15. Red spruce. 16. White spruce. 



railroad ties, poles, piling, mine timbers, excelsior, and veneer. Ornamental. (Pine 

 (Pinus spp.) is the State tree of Arkansas.) 



10. RED PINE, Pinus resinosa Ait. (Norway pine [lumber]). 



Medium-sized to large tree of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Bark 

 reddish brown, with broad, flat, scaly plates. Needles 2 in cluster, slender, 5 to 6 inches 

 long, dark green. Cones 2 inches long, light brown, without prickles. 



Principal uses: General building construction, planing-mill products, general millwork, 

 and boxes and crates. Pulpwood. Ornamental and shade tree. 



II. Needles less than 3 inches long. 



11. JACK PINE, Pinus banksiana Lamb, (scrub pine, gray pine, black pine). 

 Usually small (or medium-sized) tree of northeastern United States and nearly across 



Canada. Bark dark brown, with narrow scaly ridges. Needles 2 in cluster, stout, twisted, 

 % to 1 */2 inches long, dark green. Cones one-sided, much curved, small, 1 to 2 inches 

 long, light yellow, without prickles, remaining closed at maturity. 



Principal uses: Pulpwood, lumber for boxes and crates and rough construction, and 

 fuel. Ornamental. 



12. VIRGINIA PINE, Pinus virginiana Mill. (North Carolina pine [lumber], Jersey pine, 

 scrub pine). 



Usually small tree (sometimes large) of Atlantic Coastal Plain, Appalachian Mountain, 

 and Ohio Valley regions. Bark dark brown, thin, with scaly plates. Needles 2 in cluster, 

 stout, twisted, 2 to 3 inches long, gray green. Cones 2 inches long, reddish brown, shiny, 

 very prickly. 



Principal uses: Lumber and fuel. 



13. SPRUCE PINE, Pinus glabra Walt, (cedar pine, southern white pine). 

 Medium-sized to large tree of Gulf and South Atlantic Coastal Plains. Bark on small 



trunks and limbs gray and smooth; bark on large trunks with flat scaly ridges. Needles 

 2 in cluster, slender, 1 /a to 3 inches long, dark green. Cones 1 to 2 inches long, reddish 

 brown, shiny, with minute prickles. 

 Principal uses: Lumber and fuel. 



EE. Needles borne singly and not in clusters. 



J. Twigs roughened by projecting bases of old needles; cones hanging down. 

 K. Needles flat, soft, blunt-pointed, with short leafstalks, appearing in 2 



rOWS HEMLOCK (TsUgd). 



