Important Forest Trees of the United States 



50 



21. Atlantic 

 white-cedar. 



22. Eastern red- 

 cedar. 



23. Southern red- 

 cedar. 



24. Cabbage 

 palmetto. 



JJ. Twigs smooth; cones upright, in top of tree FIR (Abies). 



18. BALSAM FIR, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill, (eastern fir [lumber], balsam, Canada 

 balsam). 



Medium-sized tree of northeastern United States, Appalachian Mountain region, and 

 across Canada to Alberta. Bark gray or brown, thin, smoothish, with many resin 

 blisters, becoming scaly. Needles flat, l /i to 1 }4 inches long, dark green, usually rounded 

 at tip. Cones upright, 2 to 3 inches long, purple, with cone scales usually covering 

 the bracts. 



Principal uses: Pulpwood. Lumber, chiefly for boxes and crates. Canada balsam (an 

 oleoresin). Christmas trees. 



19. FRASER FIR, Abies jraseri (Pursh) Poir. (balsam fir [lumber], eastern fir [lumber], 

 Fraser balsam fir, southern balsam fir, balsam). 



Medium-sized tree of Appalachian Mountains in Virginia, North Carolina, and 

 Tennessee. Bark gray or brown, thin, smoothish, with many resin blisters; bark on larger 

 trunks with thin papery scales. Needles flat, l /<i to 1 inch long, dark green, usually rounded 

 at tip. Cones upright, 1 1 /2 to 2 /a inches long, purple, with yellow-green bracts partly 

 covering the cone scales. 



Principal uses: Same as No. 18. 



DD. Leaves scalelike, less than J4 inch long (or needlelike and up to ty& inch long 



on leading shoots ) . 

 L. Leafy twigs more or less flattened. 



M. Twigs much flattened, about I /Q inch broad including leaves THUJA 

 (Thuja). 



20. NORTHERN WHITE-CEDAR, Thuja occidentalis L. (eastern arborvitae, white-cedar, 

 swamp-cedar, arborvitae ) . 



Medium-sized tree of northeastern United States, adjacent Canada, and Appalachian 

 Mountain region. Bark reddish brown, thin, fibrous, with narrow connecting ridges. Twigs 

 flattened and branching in one plane. Leaves appearing flattened in 2 rows, scalelike, 

 ViG to Vs inch long, light yellow green, aromatic. Cones % to ^ inch long, pale brown. 



Principal uses: Poles, railroad ties, and posts. Lumber for boxes, millwork, tanks, and 

 building construction. Cedar-oil, used in medicine. Ornamental. 



MM. Twigs slightly flattened, less than Vi G inch broad including leaves 

 WHITE-CEDAR ( Chamaecyparis) . 



