774 :; Yearbook^ of Agriculture 1949 



21. ATLANTIC WHITE-CEDAR, Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) B. S. P. (southern white- 

 cedar [lumber], white-cedar false-cypress, white-cedar, swamp-cedar, juniper). 



Medium-sized tree of swamps, Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains. Bark reddish brown, 

 thin, fibrous, with narrow connecting ridges. Leafy twigs slightly flattened (or partly 

 4-angled). Leaves scalelike, %e to % inch long, dull blue green. Cones J4 inch in 

 diameter, bluish purple, with a bloom. 



Principal uses: Lumber for siding, porches, boxes and crates, small boats, and tanks. 

 Woodenware, poles, and shingles. Ornamental. (State tree of New Jersey.) 



LL. Leafy twigs rounded or 4-angled JUNIPER (Juniperus}. 



22. EASTERN REDCEDAR,, Juniperus vhginiana L. (redcedar, red juniper). 

 Medium-sized tree of eastern half of United States and adjacent Canada. Bark reddish 



brown, thin, fibrous and shreddy. Leafy twigs rounded or 4-angled, slender. Leaves 

 scalelike, ^e inch long, dark blue green, or on leading shoots needlelike, up to % inch 

 long. "Berry" *4 to % inch in diameter, dark blue. 



Principal uses: Fence posts. Lumber for chests, wardrobes, and closet lining. Also 

 flooring and pencils. Cedar-leaf oil is used in medicine and cedar-wood oil in medicine 

 and perfumes. Ornamental and shelterbelts. (State tree of Tennessee.) 



23. SOUTHERN REDCEDAR,, Juniper us silicicola (Small) Bailey (eastern redcedar [lum- 

 ber]; /. lucayana auth. ). 



Medium-sized tree of South Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains. Bark reddish brown, thin, 

 fibrous and shreddy. Leafy twigs rounded or 4-angled, very slender, usually hanging down. 

 Leaves scalelike, %6 inch or less in length, dark blue green, or leaves on leading shoots 

 needlelike. "Berry" %e inch or less in diameter, dark blue. 



Principal uses: Wood used same as No. 22. Ornamental. 



ANGIOSPERMS (FLOWERING PLANTS) 



AA (A on p. 768). Trees nonresinous, with leaves broad, shedding in fall in most species 

 (evergreen in palmetto, holly, magnolia, live oak, etc.) ; seeds enclosed in a fruit 

 ANGIOSPERMS (flowering plants) . 



MONOCOTYLEDONS 



N. Leaves parallel-veined, evergreen, clustered at top of trunk or large branches; 

 trunk with woody portions irregularly distributed, without clear distinction of 

 bark and wood, and without annual rings MONOCOTYLEDONS (palms, yuccas, etc.). 



24. CABBAGE PALMETTO, Sabal palmetto (Walt.) Lodd. (palmetto, cabbage-palm). 

 Medium-sized palm tree of south Atlantic and Gulf coasts from North Carolina to 



Florida. Trunk stout and unbranched, grayish brown, roughened or ridged, with a 

 cluster of large leaves at the top. Leaves evergreen, coarse, fan-shaped, 4 to 7 feet 

 long, thick and leathery, much folded and divided into narrow segments with threadlike 

 fibers hanging between. Leafstalks 5 to 8 feet long. Fruits in a much branched cluster about 

 7 feet long, numerous, $/& to l /z inch in diameter, black, 1 -seeded. 



Principal uses: Trunks are used for wharf pilings, docks, and poles. Brushes and 

 whiskbrooms are made from the young leafstalk fibers; baskets, mats, hats, brooms and 

 thatch are made from the leaves. Ornamental. ( State tree of Florida and South Carolina. ) 



DICOTYLEDONS (BROADLEAF TREES OR HARDWOODS) 



NN. Leaves net-veined; trunk with bark and wood distinct and with annual rings in 

 wood DICOTYLEDONS (broadleaf trees, or hardwoods, such as oaks, poplars, 

 ashes, maples). 

 O (OO on p. 779). Leaves and usually branches in pairs (opposite; or in threes in 



No. 25). 



P. Leaves not divided into leaflets (simple). 

 Q. Leaf edges smooth, not lobed. 



R. Leaves heart-shaped, large, more than 6 inches long, in threes or pairs 

 CATALPA (Catalpa}. 



25. NORTHERN CATALPA, Catalpa speciosa Warder (western catalpa, hardy catalpa, 

 cigartree ) . 



Medium-sized to large tree of lower Ohio Valley and central Mississippi Valley, 

 naturalized elsewhere in eastern United States. Bark reddish brown, with flat, scaly 

 ridges. Leaves in threes or paired, large, heart-shaped, 6 to 12 inches long, long-pointed, 

 edges smooth, thick, dark green above, hairy beneath. Leafstalk 4 to 6 inches long. 

 Flowers large and showy, about 2 inches long, whitish and purple spotted, in few-flowered 

 clusters in late spring. Fruiting capsule cigarlike, long and narrow, 8 to 18 inches long 

 and 5/Q inch thick, dark brown, with many winged seeds. 



Principal uses: Fence posts. Shade tree and ornamental. Shelterbelts. 



