Important Forest Trees of the United States 



789 



73. September elm. 74. Cedar elm. 75. Hackberry. 



76. Sugarberry. 



unequal teeth, shiny yellow green and smooth above, pale and slightly hairy beneath. 

 Flowering in fall. Fruit elliptical, J/a inch long, flat. 

 Principal uses: Wood used same as No. 69. 



74. CEDAR ELM, Ulmus crassifolia Nutt. (red elm, basket elm, southern rock elm). 

 Large tree of lower Mississippi Valley to Texas and adjacent Mexico. Bark light brown, 



fissured. Twigs usually becoming corky winged. Leaves in 2 rows, elliptical, 1 to 2 inches 

 long, short-pointed or rounded, the 2 sides unequal, coarsely and doubly toothed with 

 unequal teeth, thick, shiny dark green and rough above, soft-hairy beneath. Flowering 

 in late summer or fall. Fruit oblong, $/& to /4 inch long, flat. 

 Principal uses: Wood used same as No. 69. 



pp. Leaves with 3 main veins from base; fruits round, 

 wingless, maturing in fall HACKBERRY (Celtis). 



75. HACKBERRY, Celtis occidentalis L. (common hackberry, sugarberry). 

 Medium-sized to large tree of eastern half of United States except southern border; 



also in adjacent Canada. Bark light brown to gray, with corky warts or ridges becoming 

 scaly. Leaves in 2 rows, oval 2 to 4/2 inches long, usually long-pointed, the 2 sides 

 unequal, sharply toothed except in lower part, with 3 main veins from base, bright 

 green and smooth or sometimes rough above, paler and nearly smooth beneath. Fruits 

 *4 to H.inch in diameter, dark purple, 1 -seeded. 



Principal uses: Furniture and boxes and baskets. Shelterbelts and shade tree. 



76. SUGARBERRY, Celtis laevigata Willd. (sugar hackberry, hackberry, Mississippi hack- 

 berry, southern hackberry; C. mississippiensis Spach). 



Medium-sized to large tree of southeastern quarter of United States, with a variety 

 west to New Mexico and northeastern Mexico. Bark gray, smoothish, with prominent 

 corky warts. Leaves in 2 rows, broadly lance-shaped, 1 ]/2 to 4 inches long, long-pointed, 

 the 2 sides unequal, edges smooth or sometimes with a few teeth, with 3 main 

 veins from base, dark green and smooth or sometimes rough above, paler and usually 

 smooth beneath. Fruits l /4 inch in diameter, orange red, or purple, 1 -seeded. 



Principal uses : Furniture and boxes and baskets. Shelterbelts and shade tree. 



nn. Leaves with both sides equal, spreading around twig (in 



2 rows in No. 89). 



r. Leafstalks more than 1 /a inches long, slender; seeds cottony, 

 in long-clustered capsules POPLAR (Populus; see also Nos. 

 150 and 151). 



