790 



Yearbook of Agriculture 1949 



77. Eastern cotton- 78. Swamp cotton- 79. Balsam poplar, 

 wood. wood. 



80. Bigtooth 

 aspen. 



77. EASTERN COTTON WOOD, Populus deltoides Bartr. (cottonwood, eastern poplar, 

 Carolina poplar, necklace poplar ; P. balsamifera auth. ) . 



Large tree of eastern half of United States and adjacent Canada. Bark at first yellowish 

 green and smooth, becoming gray and deeply furrowed. Leaves triangular, 3 to 6 inches 

 long and wide, long-pointed, coarsely toothed with curved teeth, smooth, light green and 

 shiny. Leafstalks flat. 



Principal uses: Lumber and veneer, used principally for boxes and crates but also for 

 furniture, dairy and poultry supplies, etc. Also pulpwood, excelsior, and fuel. Shade tree 

 and shelterbelts. (Cottonwood (Populus spp.) is the State tree of Kansas, Nebraska, and 

 South Dakota.) 



78. SWAMP COTTONWOOD, Populus fieterophylla L. (cottonwood, swamp poplar, black 

 cottonwood, river cottonwood). 



Medium-sized to large tree of Atlantic coast, Gulf coast, and Mississippi Valley regions. 

 Bark grayish brown, furrowed into scaly ridges. Leaves heart-shaped, 4 to 7 inches long and 

 nearly as wide, short-pointed or rounded at apex, finely toothed with small, curved teeth, 

 hairy when unfolding but becoming smooth or remaining woolly beneath, dark green 

 above, paler beneath. Leafstalks round. 



Principal uses: Wood used same as No. 77. 



79. BALSAM POPLAR, Populus tacamahaca Mill, (tacamahac, tacamahac poplar, balm- 

 of-Gilead, balm-of-Gilead poplar, balsam, cottonwood, poplar; P. balsamifera auth.). 



Large tree widely distributed in northeastern border of United States, northern Rocky 

 Mountain region, and across Canada to Alaska. Bark at first reddish brown and smooth, 

 becoming gray, furrowed, with flat, scaly ridges. Winter buds resinous and fragrant. 

 Leaves oval or broadly lance-shaped, 3 to 5 inches long, short-pointed, finely toothed with 

 rounded teeth, smooth or nearly so, shiny dark green above, pale green beneath. Leafstalks 

 round. 



Principal uses: Boxes and crates and pulpwood. Balm-of-Gilead, derived from the 

 buds, is used in cough medicine. Ornamental. 



80. BIGTOOTH ASPEN, Populus grandidentata Michx. (largetooth aspen, aspen, poplar, 

 popple). 



Medium-sized tree of northeastern quarter of United States and adjacent Canada. 

 Bark greenish, smooth, thin, becoming dark brown, irregularly fissured, with flat ridges. 

 Leaves elliptical or nearly round, 2J/z to 4 inches long, coarsely toothed with curved 

 teeth. Leafstalks flat. 



Principal uses : Pulpwood, boxes and crates, excelsior, and matches. 



