Important Forest Trees of the United States 



95. Nuttall oak. 96. Black oak. 97. Southern red oak. 98. Blackjack oak. 



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94. PIN OAK, Quercus palustris Muenchh. (swamp oak). 



Large tree of northeastern quarter of United States except northern border; also 

 in southern Ontario. Bark grayish brown, smooth, becoming fissured with low, scaly 

 ridges. Leaves elliptical, 3 to 5 inches long, deeply 5- to 7-lobed nearly to middle, the 

 lobes with a few bristle-pointed teeth, dark green and very shiny above, light green 

 and nearly smooth beneath. Acorns rounded, about l /2 inch in diameter, with shallow cup. 



Principal uses: Fuel wood, charcoal, and distillation products. Shade tree. 



95. NUTTALL OAK, Quercus nuttallii Palmer (red oak [lumber]). 



Large tree of lower Mississippi Valley and Gulf Coastal Plain regions from Alabama 

 to Missouri and Texas. Bark dark brownish gray, slightly fissured. Leaves oblong or 

 elliptical, 4 to 8 inches long, deeply 5- or 7-lobed, the narrow lobes with a few bristle- 

 pointed teeth, dark green above, paler and nearly smooh beneath. Acorns oblong, 34 to 

 1 1 /4 inches long, enclosed one-third to one-half by the deep cup. 



Principal uses: Red oak lumber. 



zz. Under surface of leaves with brownish or gray hairy coat. 



96. BLACK OAK, Quercus velutina Lam. (red oak [lumber]), yellow oak, quercitron oak). 

 Large tree of eastern half of United States and southern Ontario. Bark blackish, thick, 



deeply furrowed, with blocklike ridges; inner bark yellow. Leaves oval or oblong, 4 to 10 

 inches long, 7- to 9-lobed about halfway to middle, the lobes broad and with a 

 few bristle-pointed teeth, shiny dark green above, usually brown-hairy beneath, turning 

 dull red or brown in fall. Acorns y& to ^4 inch long, half enclosed by the deep cup. 

 Principal uses: Red oak lumber. The bark is a source of tannin. Fuel. Shade tree. 



97. SOUTHERN RED OAK, Quercus falcata Michx. (red oak [lumber], Spanish oak; 

 Q. rubra auth.; variety: swamp red oak, Q. falcata var. pagodaefolia Ell., cherrybark oak). 



Large tree of Atlantic coast, Gulf coast, and Mississippi Valley regions. Bark dark brown, 

 thick, fissured into narrow ridges. Leaves elliptical or oval, 3 to 8 inches long, deeply 3- to 

 7-lobed nearly to middle or slightly 3-lobed near broad apex (less deeply 5- to il-lobed 

 in the variety, swamp red oak), the lobes with 1 to 3 bristle-pointed teeth, dark green, 

 smooth, and shiny above, rusty or grayish hairy beneath, turning brown or orange in 

 fall. Acorns rounded, about l /z inch in diameter, with shallow cup. 



Principal uses: Important timber tree for red oak lumber. Shade tree. 



98. BLACKJACK OAK, Quercus marilandica Muenchh. (blackjack, jack oak, black oak). 

 Small tree of eastern half of United States except northern border. Bark blackish, 



thick and rough, divided into small squarish blocks. Leaves oval, 3 to 7 inches long, 

 broadest and 3-lobed at apex, the lobes shallow and broad with 1 or few bristle-pointed 

 teeth, dark green, smooth, and shiny above, brownish or rusty-hairy beneath, turning 



