Important Forest Trees of the United States 



797 



103. Chinquapin 104. Chestnut 

 oak. oak. 



105. Swamp chest- 106. Swamp white 

 nut oak. oak. 



inches long, usually rounded at apex, edges usually smooth and rolled under, shiny dark 

 green above, whitish hairy beneath. Acorns 1 to 5 on stalks l /-2 to 3 inches long, $4 to 1 inch 

 long, narrow, with deep cup. 



Principal uses: Shade tree. Formerly used in shipbuilding. (State tree of Georgia.) 



AA. Leaves with edges lobed or toothed, shedding in fall. 



B. Leaf edges wavy with uniform, rounded teeth (CHESTNUT OAKS). 



103. CHINQUAPIN OAK, Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm. (chestnut oak, yellow oak). 

 Large tree of eastern half of United States and local in New Mexico ; also in southern 



Ontario. Bark light gray, thin, fissured, and flaky. Leaves oblong or broadly lance-shaped, 

 4 to 6 inches long, short- or long-pointed, usually rounded at base, edges wavy with coarse, 

 slightly curved teeth, dark or yellowish green above, whitish hairy beneath, turning orange 

 and scarlet in fall. Acorns J/2 to $4 inch long, rounded, half enclosed by the deep cup. 

 Principal uses: Railroad ties and construction timbers. 



104. CHESTNUT OAK, Quercus montana Willd. (white oak [lumber], rock chestnut oak, 

 rock oak; Q. prinus auth.). 



Large tree of Appalachian Mountain and Ohio Valley regions ; also in southern Ontario. 

 Bark brown or blackish; on large trunks becoming deeply furrowed into broad ridges. 

 Leaves oblong, 5 to 8 inches long, short- or long-pointed, narrowed and pointed or rounded 

 at base, edges wavy with rounded teeth, shiny yellow green above, paler and hairy or nearly 

 smooth beneath, turning dull orange in fall. Acorns large, 1 to 1 l /z inches long, one-third 

 to one-half enclosed by the thin, deep, warty cup. 



Principal uses : White oak lumber and railroad ties. The bark is a source of tannin. 



105. SWAMP CHESTNUT OAK, Quercus prinus L. (white oak [lumber], basket oak, cow 

 oak ; Q. michauxii Nutt. ) . 



Large tree of Atlantic coast, Gulf coast, and Mississippi Valley regions. Bark light gray, 

 fissured and scaly. Leaves oblong, 4 to 8 inches long, short- or long-pointed, wedge-shaped 

 or rounded at base, edges wavy with rounded teeth, shiny dark green above, grayish hairy 

 beneath, turning crimson in fall. Acorns large, 1 to 1 /a inches long, one-third or more 

 enclosed by the thick, deep cup composed of many distinct scales. 



Principal uses: White oak lumber. 



106. SWAMP WHITE OAK, Quercus bicolor Willd. (white oak [lumber]). 



Large tree of northeastern quarter of United States and adjacent Canada. Bark brown, 

 scaly; on old trunks becoming furrowed into long, scaly ridges. Leaves oblong, 4 to 6 

 inches long, gradually narrowed toward base, broadest above middle, edges wavy with 

 rounded teeth or lobes, dark green and shiny above, whitish hairy beneath, turning yellow 



