Important Forest Trees of the United States 



123. Western 

 hemlock. 



124. Mountain 125. Engelmann 126. Blue spruce, 

 hemlock. spruce. 



when crushed. Cones 1 1 /2 to 2 l /2 inches long, light brown, with long, thin, flexible scales 

 irregularly toothed and more or less pointed. 



Principal uses: Lumber for building construction and boxes. Also mine timbers, rail- 

 road ties, and poles. Ornamental. 



126. BLUE SPRUCE, Piceo. pungens Engelm. (Colorado blue spruce, Colorado spruce, 

 silver spruce). 



Large tree of Rocky Mountain region. Bark gray or brown, furrowed into scaly ridges. 

 Needles 4-angled, 24 to 1 J/s inch long, dull blue green. Cones 2/2 to 4 inches long, light 

 brown, with long, thin, flexible scales irregularly toothed and more or less pointed. 



Principal uses: Ornamental and shelterbelts. Posts, poles, and fuel. (State tree of 

 Colorado and Utah.) 



127. SITKA SPRUCE, Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. (yellow spruce, tideland spruce, 

 western spruce, silver spruce, coast spruce ) . 



Large to very large tree of Pacific coast region north to Canada and Alaska. Bark 

 reddish brown, thin, with loosely attached scales. Needles flat, y& to 1 inch long, dark 

 green. Cones 2 to 3/> inches long, light orange brown, with long, stiff scales, rounded and 

 irregularly toothed. 



Principal uses : Lumber for boxes and crates, furniture, planing-mill products, millwork, 

 ladders, and construction. Pulpwood and cooperage. The most important wood for aircraft 

 construction. Ornamental. 



GG. Twigs smooth or nearly so. 



/. Needles with short leafstalks; 

 (Pseudotsuga). 



cones hanging down DOUGLAS-FIR 



128. DOUGLAS-FIR, Pseudotsuga taxifolia (Poir.) Britton (Douglas-spruce, red fir, yellow 

 fir, Oregon pine, common Douglas-fir; Ps. douglasn (Sabine) Carr., Ps. mucronata (Raf.) 

 Sudw. ; variety: Ps. taxifolia var. glauca (Mayr) Sudw.). 



Large tree (next to giant sequoia and redwood in size) of Pacific coast and Rocky Moun- 

 tain regions, including Canada and Mexico. Bark reddish brown, thick, deeply furrowed 

 into broad ridges. Needles short-stalked, flat, ^4 to 1 J4 inches long, dark yellow green or 

 blue green. Cones 2 to 4 inches long, light brown, with thin, rounded scales and long, 

 3-toothed bracts. 



Principal uses: Important timber tree, first in United States in total stand, lumber 

 production, and production of veneer for plywood. Used principally for building construe- 



