8l2 



Yearbook^ of Agriculture 1949 



158. California 

 black oak. 



159. California 

 live oak. 



160. Emory oak. 161. Canyon live oak. 



twigs bright red, smooth and peeling off ; bark of larger trunks dark reddish brown, fissured 

 and scaly. Leaves evergreen, oval, 3 to 5 inches long, blunt-pointed, thick and leathery, 

 edges smooth or sometimes toothed, dark green and shiny above, whitish beneath. Flowers 

 small, white, clustered, % inch long. Fruits /a inch in diameter, orange red. 

 Principal uses: Fuel. Shuttles (used in textile weaving). Ornamental. 



ZZ. Leaves with coat of golden yellow scales beneath- 



(Castanopsis) . 



:HINQUAPIN 



156. GOLDEN CHINQUAPIN, Castanopsis chrysophylla (Dougl.) A. DC. (giant evergreen- 

 chinkapin, chinquapin, golden-leaf chestnut). 



Medium-sized to large tree (a variety is shrubby) of Pacific coast region. Bark reddish 

 brown, becoming furrowed into thick plates. Leaves evergreen, oblong to lance-shaped, 

 2 to 6 inches long, narrowed and tapering at both ends, with smooth edges, leathery, dark 

 green and shiny above, coated beneath with golden yellow scales. Fruits golden spiny burs 

 1 to 1 / 2 inches in diameter with 1 or sometimes 2 edible nuts % inch long, maturing the 

 second year. 



Principal uses: Furniture. Ornamental. 



VV. Winter buds 3 or more in cluster at tip of twig; fruit an acorn. 



a. Leaves with many parallel lateral veins less than J4 inch apart, evergreen; 

 scales of acorn cup slender, spreading, curved, more than I /Q inch long 

 TANOAK (Lithocarpus) . 



157. TANOAK, Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd. (tanbark-oak, chestnut- 

 oak). 



Large tree (a variety is shrubby) of Oregon and California. Bark reddish brown, deeply 

 fissured into squarish plates. Leaves evergreen, oblong, 3 to 5 inches long, short-pointed, 

 toothed, with many parallel lateral veins less than *4 inch apart, leathery, pale green, 

 shiny and nearly smooth above, rustry-hairy or whitish beneath. Acorns 94 to 1 1 /4 inches 

 long, rounded, the shallow cup with spreading light-brown scales l /& to % 6 inch long, 

 maturing the second year. 



Principal uses: The bark is a source of tannin. Wood used locally for fuel, furniture, 

 and mine timbers. Ornamental. 



