Some Words Woodsmen Use 



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pine, Norway spruce, Siberian elm, and 

 Russian mulberry are examples of exotic 

 tree species. 



FIREBREAK An existing barrier, or one 

 constructed before a fire occurs, from which 

 all or most of the inflammable materials 

 have been removed; designed to stop or 

 check creeping or running but not spot 

 fires, or to serve as a line from which to 

 work and to facilitate the movement of 

 men and equipment in fire suppression. 



FIRE EDGE The line, usually irregular, 

 to which a fire has burned at a given mo- 

 ment; the boundary of a fire at a given 

 moment. 



FUNGUS (singular] ; FUNGI (plural] A 

 low form of plant life having no chlor- 

 ophyll, reproducing by spores, having a 

 mycelium, and living as a parasite or sap- 

 rophyte on organic matter. The fungi are 

 numerous on and in soil where they aid in 

 breaking down organic debris to humus. 



GENETICS The science that seeks to ex- 

 plain resemblances and differences between 

 plants or animals related by descent. 



GIRDLING The act of encircling the 

 stem of a living tree with cuts that com- 

 pletely sever bark and cambium and often 

 are carried well into the outer sapwood. 



GO-DEVIL A small, short sled without 

 a tongue, used in skidding logs. 



GRAFTING Act or process of inserting 

 a cion, less strictly a bud, of a specified 

 variety into a stem, root, or branch of 

 another plant so that a permanent union 

 is effected, especially for purposes of 

 propagation. 



GROUND WATER Water that stands or 

 flows beneath the ground surface in soil or 

 rock material which is thoroughly saturated. 

 The upper surface of this saturated zone is 

 called the water table. 



GUM As applied to naval stores prod- 

 ucts: The raw product (oleoresin) which 

 exudes from the wood of a living pine tree 

 when a wound is made through the bark 

 into the living tissues. 



HABITAT The kind of place where a 

 plant or animal naturally grows or lives. 



HAYWIRE OUTFIT A logging operation 

 that has poor equipment; originally, make- 

 shift repairs in harness. 



HEAD (of a fire) The hottest, most ac- 

 tive forepart of a blaze. 



802062 49 59 



HEARTWOOD The central portion of the 

 trunks of trees, entirely dead and without 

 function; usually darker and more durable 

 in service than the outer portion or sap- 

 wood. 



HEREDITARY Transmitted from parents 

 to offspring. Properly, only factors may be 

 so described, but we commonly speak of 

 hereditary size or shape. Used to distinguish 

 characteristics of an animal or plant derived 

 from its parents from those predominantly 

 controlled by the environment, although the 

 distinction cannot be pushed too far, be- 

 cause all characteristics are the result of in- 

 teraction between heredity and environment. 



HOT-LOGGING A logging operation in 

 which logs go from the stump to the mill 

 without pause. 



HOVEL A stable for logging teams. 



HYBRID The offspring resulting from 

 mating two plants or animals that differ 

 in one or more hereditary factors. This is 

 the narrowest the geneticist's use of the 

 term. A hybrid is more commonly under- 

 stood to be the plant resulting from cross- 

 ing two plants that are so distantly related 

 as to belong to different races, varieties, 

 species, or even genera. For precision, we 

 may speak of interracial or interspecies hy- 

 brids. 



INITIAL ATTACK (1) The first suppres- 

 sion effort at control of a fire. (2) The 

 first attack by an insect. 



INTEGRATED LOGGING A method of 

 logging designed to make the best use of 

 all timber products. It removes in one 

 cutting all timber that should be cut, and 

 distributes the various timber products to 

 the industries that can use them to best 

 advantage. 



JACK POT (1) An unskillful piece of 

 logging work. (2) A bad slash. (3) As a 

 verb, to "jack-pot" is to pile trees or logs 

 crisscross, without regard for orderliness. 



LIGNIN A complex substance that serves 

 as the cementing material between fibers 

 in woody plants. It is the part of wood that 

 is insoluble in strong mineral acids. A 

 group of organic substances that, with 

 cellulose, form wood. 



LOBBY The place in a logging camp 

 where the men wash and wait before meal- 

 time. 



LUMBERJACK One who works at log- 



