Yearbook^ of Agriculture 1949 



ging. Synonyms: Timber beast, woodhick, 

 logger, shantyman. 



LUNCH IN A noon meal served in the 

 dining quarters of the logging camp. 



MAST The accumulated fruits (nuts) 

 found on the forest floor. The major con- 

 tributors are such species of trees as oaks, 

 beeches, chestnuts, and some pines. Usually 

 thought of and used when referring to its 

 property as a food for hogs, deer, turkeys, 

 or other wildlife. 



MONOECIOUS Pertaining to a plant in 

 which stamens and pistils are produced in 

 separate flowers, both of which are borne 

 on the same plant. The word means "one 

 house." When staminate and pistillate 

 flowers, respectively, are produced on 

 separate plants (two houses), the condition 

 is said to be dioecious. Most flowers as we 

 know them produce both stamens and 

 pistils (the plant's reproductive organs) 

 which condition is said to be perfect. 



MUTATION A sudden variation in which 

 the offspring differs from its parents in 

 some well-marked character or characters 

 as distinguished from a gradual variation, 

 in which the new characters become highly 

 developed only in the course of many 

 generations. 



NECROSIS A localized or general death 

 of plant tissue caused by low temperatures, 

 fungi, and such (plant pathology). A dis- 

 ease quite often caused by a virus which is 

 characterized by black dead plant tissue. 



OVULE A rudimentary seed occurring 

 in the ovary. A young seed in course of de- 

 velopment. The cells that contain the 

 embryo sac which develops into the seed 

 after it is fertilized. 



PEAVY A stout wooden lever for roll- 

 ing logs. A curvey metal hook is hinged to 

 the lower part of the handle, and the tip 

 is armed with a sharp steel spike. 



PEELER ( 1 ) Usually one who removes 

 bark from timber cut in the spring months 

 when bark "slips." (2) A log used in the 

 manufacture of rotary-cut veneer. 



PERIODICITY Quality or state of being 

 periodical, or regularly recurrent. In plant 

 physiology, the tendency of a plant to ex- 

 hibit rhythmical changes in vital functions. 



PETIOLE A leafstalk; the slender stalk 

 by which the blade of a leaf is attached to 

 the stem. 



pH (acidity) An index of the acidity or 

 alkalinity of a material based on a logarith- 

 mic scale. A pH of 7.0 represents neutrality, 

 7.0 to 14.0 increasing alkalinity, and 7 to 

 increasing acidity. 



PHLOEM A complex tissue in higher 

 plants, which consists typically of sieve tubes 

 and companion cells (although the com- 

 panion cells are sometimes lacking, as in 

 gymnosperms) and usually in addition 

 various kinds of parenchyma and fiber cells, 

 stone cells, etc.; bast tissue. In a narrow 

 sense, the term is used as applying to the 

 sieve tissue only. 



PHOTOPERIOD Length of daylight hours. 

 Photoperiodism is a physiological response 

 of a plant to a different length of daylight 

 hours. Discovered in 1920 by W. W. Garner 

 and H. A. Allard, of the United States 

 Department of Agriculture. 



PHOTOSYNTHESIS A complicated phys- 

 iological process of plant life in which an 

 organic substance (sugar) is made from 

 the carbon dioxide of the air combined with 

 water. This process utilizes energy of light 

 through the agency of chlorophyll. 



PLYWOOD An assembled product con- 

 structed of three or more layers of veneer 

 joined with glue and usually laid with the 

 grain of adjoining plies at right angles. 

 Almost always an odd number of plies are 

 used to secure balanced construction. 



POLLEN The fertilizing dustlike powder 

 produced by stamens; functionally the same 

 as the male sperm in animal reproduction. 

 (Pollinate and pollenize are verb forms.) 



POROSITY The aggregate space between 

 soil particles. The degree to which the soil 

 is permeated with pores or cavities, ex- 

 pressed in percent of the volume of the soil 

 unoccupied by solid particles. 



PREDATOR An animal or plant that preys 

 upon another; especially one that obtains 

 its food by killing and eating other animals. 

 Also applies to insects. A predator usually 

 destroys several hosts, as distinct from a 

 parasite, which lives on one. 



PROGENY TEST A nursery or planta- 

 tion test of the progeny or offspring of in- 

 dividual tagged seed trees to determine 

 their inherent characteristics. This term 

 may also be applied to any tests conducted 

 on seedlings. 



PULP Wood or other vegetable matter 



