ON THE HABITS OF BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS 37 



polia templi takes shelter under heaps ol stones, to re- 

 ward the patience of those who carefully turn them over 

 one by one. The night-flying species may be taken 

 buzzing at flowers, or flying along hedges, those which 

 have light-coloured hind wings attracting most readily 

 our attention. There are two special devices for obtain- 

 ing them, light and sugar, which will be mentioned 

 more in detail in a subsequent chapter. 



In the large group of Geotnetrina, many species fly 

 very readily in the daytime, but some only do so then 

 when disturbed, flying of their own accord at dusk and 

 after dark. A very much larger proportion, however, 

 of these insects are on the wing before dark than in the 

 group of the Noctuina. Those species which naturally 

 rest in the day, such as Phigalia pilosaria, Nyssia his- 

 pidaria, Biston Mrtaria, the Oak ^Beauty (Amphidasis 

 prodromaria), the Peppered Moth (A. betularia), the 

 Waved Umbre (Hemerophila abruptaria), and the species 

 of Boarmia and Tephroxia, may be found sitting on 

 palings or trunks of trees. Many others rest on the 

 leaves of trees and bushes, and these may often be dis- 

 lodged and made to fly by beating the branches where 

 they are concealed. The common heath-flying Fidonia 

 atomaria, and the clover-frequj i iug Sfrenia clathrata, 

 as also the species of Aspilates, a regular day-flying 

 insects. The wingless females of the IJyber?ndse must 

 be looked for on palings or trunks of trees, in the day- 

 time, or sitting on the twigs of hedges after dark. 



The group of Pyralidina are nearly all ready to fly in 

 the daytime ; some, as the Purple-and-Gold (Pyrcmsta 

 punicealis), the Silver-barred Sable ( Ennychiacingulalis), 

 and their allies, are true sun-lovers, sporting themselves 

 on flowers in the hottest sunshine. The Hydrocampidze 



