HYMENOPTERA. ACULEATA. 189 



folding wings to belong to one of the two first divisions 

 in that subsection, its place will be further ascertained 



Fig. 54. 



Profile of Myrmica. 



thus. It belongs to the first division, Heterogyna, if, 

 whether wingless or winged, the abdomen be furnished 

 with the scales or nodes (social ants) ; also if it be wing- 

 less ( ? of social ants sometimes, of solitary always) ; also 

 if it be winged and spicate at the tip of the abdomen ( 

 of solitary ants only). Otherwise the insect belongs to 

 the Sandwasps or Fossores. 



Division I. Heterogyna. The Ants. Very dif- 

 ferent opinions are entertained as to this division Hetero- 

 gyna. The word, signifying tTtpog, heteros, different ; 

 FUVTJ, gyne, a woman, is by some considered to exclude 

 the mutillidte or solitary ants, in which the sexes consist 

 only of the perfect male and female. The female here, 

 however, differs from most perfect insects in being 

 always wingless, in this approaching the neuters of the 

 social ants. In adopting the present arrangement, the 

 writer follows Mr. F. Smith, of the British Museum, 

 who has retained it from older writers, and this is done 

 partly in the hope that the young student of Hymenop- 

 tera may, as a first step, possess himself of the delightful 



